MCQ
upsc-p1-science-tech-nanotechnology MCQ - Practice Questions with Answers
Solve 7 upsc-p1-science-tech-nanotechnology questions for RAS/RPSC preparation.
Practice questions
Q1Arrange the following stages of nanopharmaceutical evaluation in their stated order: A. Physicochemical characterisation B. Manufacturing controls C. Non-clinical safety D. Pharmacovigilance Select the correct answer using the code given below.
The nanopharmaceutical pathway places physicochemical characterisation before manufacturing controls, followed later by non-clinical safety and, after the approval pathway, pharmacovigilance. Therefore the correct sequence is A-B-C-D, shown in option B.
Q2Consider the following statements about methods of producing nanomaterials: 1. Top-down methods begin with larger material and reduce it to the nanoscale. 2. Bottom-up methods assemble atoms, molecules or small clusters into nanoscale structures. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Both statements are correct. Milling, lithography and etching illustrate top-down reduction from larger material. Chemical precipitation, self-assembly and vapour deposition illustrate bottom-up construction from atoms, molecules or small clusters. The two approaches differ in starting point; neither definition reverses the direction of fabrication.
Q3Consider the following statements regarding the dimensional classification of nanomaterials: 1. Quantum dots are examples of zero-dimensional nanomaterials. 2. Nanowires and carbon nanotubes are examples of one-dimensional nanomaterials. 3. Graphene-like sheets are examples of two-dimensional nanomaterials. Which of the statements given above are correct? Select the correct answer using the code given below.
All three statements are correct. In zero-dimensional materials all dimensions are nanoscale; quantum dots are standard examples. Nanowires and nanotubes have two nanoscale dimensions and one longer axis, while graphene-like sheets have nanoscale thickness and are treated as two-dimensional materials.
Q4With reference to nanoscience and nanotechnology, consider the following statements: 1. Nanoscience studies nanoscale phenomena, whereas nanotechnology uses those findings to make materials, devices or systems. 2. Nanomaterials can only be intentionally engineered; they cannot occur naturally or form incidentally. 3. The 1-100 nm range is a practical definition rather than an absolute safety boundary. Which of the statements given above are correct? Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Statements 1 and 3 are correct. Nanoscience examines nanoscale phenomena, while nanotechnology applies that knowledge. The 1-100 nm range is useful but does not create a magic safety boundary because larger aggregates or structures may retain nano-related risk questions. Statement 2 is incorrect because nanomaterials may be engineered, formed incidentally during combustion or wear, or occur naturally.
Q5With reference to the governance of nanotechnology in India, consider the following statements: 1. India regulates nano-products through a layered, sector-wise framework rather than through one comprehensive Nanotechnology Act. 2. The 2019 nanopharmaceutical guidelines cover quality, safety, efficacy and post-approval considerations. 3. Constitutional provisions by themselves grant product permission for nano-enabled medicines, foods and agricultural inputs. Which of the statements given above are correct? Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Statements 1 and 2 are correct. India's framework combines sectoral laws, regulators, standards, guidelines and product-specific approvals; the 2019 guidelines address the evaluation of nanopharmaceuticals across quality, safety, efficacy and post-approval issues. Statement 3 is incorrect because constitutional provisions support public investment and safety review, but actual product permission comes from the applicable sectoral law.
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6Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below. List I (Nanomaterial) A. Quantum dot B. Carbon nanotube C. Graphene D. Nanocomposite List II (Description) 1. Larger material containing nanoscale components in a matrix 2. Tube-like carbon nanostructure noted for strength and conductivity 3. Very small semiconductor particle with size-dependent optical or electronic properties 4. Single-atom-thick carbon sheet arranged in a hexagonal lattice
7Consider the following statements about risk governance of nanotechnology: 1. The precautionary approach requires a complete prohibition on all nanotechnology until every data gap is removed. 2. Benefit claims for a nano-enabled product should be assessed across its life cycle. 3. Regulators may respond to data gaps through restricted use, additional studies or post-market monitoring. Which of the statements given above are correct? Select the correct answer using the code given below.