MCQ
upsc-p1-environment-biodiversity MCQ - Practice Questions with Answers
Solve 8 upsc-p1-environment-biodiversity questions for RAS/RPSC preparation.
Practice questions
Q1Match List I with List II: List I (Instrument) 1. Cartagena Protocol 2. Nagoya Protocol 3. CITES 4. Ramsar Convention List II (Core focus) A. Wetlands of international importance B. Biosafety and living modified organisms C. Access and benefit-sharing D. Appendix-based regulation of international wildlife and plant trade Which one of the following is correctly matched? Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Cartagena concerns biosafety and living modified organisms; Nagoya concerns access and benefit-sharing; CITES regulates international wildlife and plant trade through appendices; and Ramsar concerns wetlands of international importance. Thus option C is correct.
Q2With reference to the levels of biodiversity, consider the following statements: 1. Genetic diversity refers to variation within a species or population. 2. Species diversity includes the variety and relative abundance of species in an area. 3. Ecosystem diversity includes the variety of habitats and ecological processes. Which of the statements given above are correct? Select the correct answer using the code given below.
All three statements are correct. Genetic diversity concerns variation within a species or population, species diversity concerns variety and relative abundance within an area, and ecosystem diversity concerns habitats and ecological processes.
Q3With reference to a biodiversity hotspot, consider the following statements: 1. It must contain at least 1,500 endemic vascular plant species. 2. It must have lost at least 70% of its original natural vegetation. 3. Its recognition automatically gives it statutory protection as a national park in India. Which of the statements given above are correct? Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Statements 1 and 2 are the two mandatory hotspot criteria. Statement 3 is incorrect: a hotspot is a global conservation-priority category and does not automatically become an Indian statutory protected area.
Q4Arrange the following India-linked biodiversity hotspots in the same order as the associations given below: 1. Strong altitudinal ecological gradients 2. Much of Northeast India 3. High amphibian endemism in peninsular mountains 4. India's connection through Nicobar Select the correct sequence using the code given below.
The Himalaya is associated with strong altitudinal gradients; Indo-Burma includes much of Northeast India; Western Ghats-Sri Lanka has high amphibian endemism in peninsular mountains; and India's Sundaland connection is through Nicobar. Therefore, option D gives the required order.
Q5With reference to biodiversity-related international instruments, consider the following statements: 1. The Ramsar Convention focuses on wetlands of international importance. 2. CITES regulates international trade in endangered wild fauna and flora through appendices. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Both statements are correct. Ramsar concerns wetlands of international importance, whereas CITES uses appendices to regulate international trade in endangered wild fauna and flora; neither instrument designates biodiversity hotspots.
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6Arrange the following conservation responses in the same order as the pressures or needs listed below: 1. Genetic erosion of crop varieties 2. Habitat fragmentation blocking migration 3. A species on the brink of extinction 4. Degraded habitat requiring ecological restoration Select the correct sequence using the code given below.
7With reference to India's links with global biodiversity hotspots, consider the following statements: 1. India's link with Sundaland is through the Nicobar Islands. 2. The Western Ghats and Sri Lanka form one biogeographic hotspot. 3. The Eastern Ghats are counted as a separate hotspot in the standard list of 36 global hotspots. Which of the statements given above are correct? Select the correct answer using the code given below.
8With reference to biodiversity conservation, consider the following statements: 1. Habitat fragmentation can block gene flow and migration even when some habitat remains. 2. Ex-situ conservation can fully replace the protection of natural habitats. 3. Ecological restoration is adequately achieved by plantation alone. Which of the statements given above are correct? Select the correct answer using the code given below.