MCQ
upsc-p1-current-affairs-science-tech-news MCQ - Practice Questions with Answers
Solve 8 upsc-p1-current-affairs-science-tech-news questions for RAS/RPSC preparation.
Practice questions
Q1Match List I with List II: List I (Case) A. Shreya Singhal v. Union of India B. K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India C. K.S. Puttaswamy Aadhaar judgment D. Novartis AG v. Union of India List II (Principal proposition) 1. Aadhaar framework upheld with limits and proportionality 2. Section 3(d) requires enhanced efficacy for certain new forms 3. Vague criminal restriction on online speech was struck down 4. Privacy was recognised as a fundamental right Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Shreya Singhal struck down the vague criminal restriction on online speech; the 2017 Puttaswamy judgment recognised privacy as a fundamental right; the 2018 Aadhaar judgment upheld the framework with limits and proportionality; and Novartis applied Section 3(d)'s enhanced-efficacy requirement. The resulting code A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2 appears in option C.
Q2With reference to spectrum assignment under the Telecommunications Act, 2023, consider the following statements: 1. Section 4 generally provides for spectrum assignment through auction, while specified First Schedule categories may be assigned through an administrative process. 2. The inclusion of certain satellite-based services in the First Schedule means that all commercial telecommunications spectrum must be assigned without auction. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Statement 1 is correct and Statement 2 is incorrect. Auction is the general route, with administrative assignment available for specified First Schedule categories. That exception for notified categories cannot be expanded into a rule that every commercial telecommunications spectrum assignment is non-auction.
Q3With reference to the constitutional and legislative setting of science and technology governance in India, consider the following statements: 1. Article 51A(h) makes the development of scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform a fundamental duty. 2. Entry 31 of List I covers wireless and broadcasting. 3. Article 14 is relevant when a digital classification or exclusion is alleged to be arbitrary. Select the correct answer using the code given below.
All three statements are correct. Article 51A(h) establishes the stated fundamental duty, Entry 31 places wireless and broadcasting in the Union List, and Article 14 supplies the equality test for arbitrary digital classification or exclusion. The other options each omit at least one valid constitutional or legislative link.
Q4Arrange the following stages of technology readiness from the earliest to the latest: A. Pilot B. Deployment C. Basic research D. Prototype Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Technology readiness moves from basic research to a prototype, then to a pilot and finally to deployment. Therefore the order is C-D-A-B, shown in option A. The other codes incorrectly place a prototype before research or a pilot before the prototype.
Q5A discovery report is only the beginning of establishing the strategic value of a critical mineral. Arrange the following stages from the earliest to the latest: A. Mining lease B. Reserve estimation C. Environmental clearance D. Exploration Select the correct answer using the code given below.
The stated critical-mineral chain proceeds from exploration to reserve estimation, environmental clearance and mining lease. Thus D-B-C-A, option D, is correct. The alternatives incorrectly place reserve estimation before exploration or environmental clearance before the resource-assessment stages.
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6Match List I with List II: List I (Institution) A. WHO B. ITU C. WIPO D. IAEA List II (Principal technology-governance link) 1. Nuclear safety and safeguards 2. Patents and traditional knowledge 3. Health-technology guidance and disease surveillance 4. Telecommunications standards, radio frequencies and orbital resources Select the correct answer using the code given below.
7With reference to digital-data and artificial-intelligence governance in India, consider the following statements: 1. A Data Fiduciary determines the purpose and means of processing personal data. 2. A Significant Data Fiduciary may have additional obligations relating to a Data Protection Officer, an independent data auditor and an impact assessment. 3. Regulation of personal-data processing under the DPDP Act, 2023 by itself covers model safety, compute and competition across the entire field of artificial intelligence. Select the correct answer using the code given below.
8With reference to standards and approvals for public deployment of technology, consider the following statements: 1. Technical standards can determine interoperability, safety, quality and market access. 2. Publication of a diagnostic kit, vaccine, medical-device or new-drug study in a journal is not the same as approval for public use. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? Select the correct answer using the code given below.