MCQ
upsc-p1-geography-geomorphology MCQ - Practice Questions with Answers
Solve 13 upsc-p1-geography-geomorphology questions for RAS/RPSC preparation.
Practice questions
Q1Consider the following statements: 1. An earthquake has one preferred magnitude because magnitude measures energy released at the source. 2. Its intensity can vary from place to place with distance, depth, ground conditions and buildings. Which one of the following is correct?
Both statements are correct. Magnitude characterises source energy for the event, while intensity records observed shaking and damage at a location and therefore varies spatially.
Q2Arrange the following discontinuities from the shallowest to the deepest: 1. Gutenberg discontinuity 2. Lehmann discontinuity 3. Mohorovicic discontinuity Select the correct answer using the code given below.
The Mohorovicic discontinuity separates crust from mantle, the Gutenberg discontinuity separates mantle from outer core, and the Lehmann discontinuity separates outer core from inner core. Their shallow-to-deep order is therefore 3-1-2.
Q3Consider the following statements: 1. Weathering breaks down or alters rock in place. 2. Erosion removes and transports material through agents such as water, ice, wind, waves or gravity. Which one of the following is correct?
Both statements are correct and capture the key distinction: weathering acts in place, whereas erosion entails removal and transport by an agent.
Q4Arrange the following stages of denudation in their general causal sequence: (a) Transportation shifts the removed material (b) Weathering prepares material in place (c) Deposition builds new forms when energy falls (d) Erosional agents remove the prepared material Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Weathering first breaks down or alters rock in place. Erosional agents then remove the prepared material, transportation shifts it, and deposition builds new forms where the transporting medium loses energy. Hence the sequence is b-d-a-c, given in option D.
Q5Consider the following statements about Earth's interior: 1. P-waves can pass through solids, liquids and gases. 2. S-waves do not pass through liquids. 3. The asthenosphere is a global ocean of molten magma on which continents float. Which of the statements given above are correct?
Statements 1 and 2 are correct. P-waves cross solids, liquids and gases, whereas S-waves travel only through solids; their absence through the outer core is evidence that it is liquid. The asthenosphere is a weak upper-mantle zone that permits slow plate movement, not a molten global ocean.
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6Consider the following statements about seismic waves: 1. P-waves can travel through solids, liquids and gases. 2. S-waves travel only through solids. 3. The absence of S-waves through the outer core helps reveal the layered structure of the Earth. Select the correct answer using the code given below.
7Consider the following statements about plate margins: 1. Divergent margins create new crust. 2. Transform margins involve no net creation or destruction of crust. 3. Continent-continent convergence commonly produces an island arc with explosive volcanism. Select the correct answer using the code given below.
8Consider the following statements about plate boundaries: 1. New crust is formed at divergent margins. 2. At transform margins, crust is neither created nor destroyed. 3. Continent-continent convergence generally thickens the crust and forms fold mountains. Which of the statements given above are correct?
9Match List I with List II: List I (Geomorphic agent) (a) River (b) Glacier (c) Wind (d) Karst groundwater List II (Characteristic landform) 1. Moraine 2. Stalactite 3. Barchan 4. V-shaped valley Select the correct answer using the code given below.
10Match List I with List II: List I (Agent) (a) River (b) Glacier (c) Wind (d) Karst water List II (Diagnostic landform) 1. Yardang 2. Stalactite 3. Point bar 4. Drumlin Select the correct answer using the code given below.
11Arrange the following compositional layers of the Earth from the surface towards the centre: (a) Outer core (b) Crust (c) Inner core (d) Mantle Select the correct answer using the code given below.
12Match List I with List II: List I (Plate margin) (a) Divergent (b) Ocean-ocean convergent (c) Continent-continent convergent (d) Transform List II (Typical landform) 1. Fold mountains and high plateau 2. Linear valleys and offset streams 3. Mid-ocean ridge and rift valley 4. Trench and island arc Select the correct answer using the code given below.
13Consider the following statements about rocks: 1. Intrusive igneous rocks cool slowly and usually develop coarse crystals. 2. Extrusive igneous rocks cool rapidly and often develop fine crystals. 3. Metamorphic rocks form only after the parent rock melts completely. Select the correct answer using the code given below.