MCQ
upsc-p1-geography-geophysical-phenomena MCQ - Practice Questions with Answers
Solve 9 upsc-p1-geography-geophysical-phenomena questions for RAS/RPSC preparation.
Practice questions
Q1Match List I with List II: List I (Geographic feature) A. Mid-ocean ridge B. Island arc C. Delta D. Lagoon List II (Dominant formation clue) 1. River deposition at a low-energy coast 2. Sea-floor spreading at a divergent margin 3. Subduction-related volcanism 4. Separation of shallow water from the sea by a bar or spit Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Mid-ocean ridges form at divergent spreading centres, while island arcs are associated with subduction-related volcanism. Deltas form through river deposition at low-energy coasts, and lagoons are shallow waters separated from the sea by a bar or spit. The matching is A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4.
Q2Consider the following statements about coastal landforms and processes: 1. A delta is associated with river deposition at a low-energy coast. 2. A lagoon is shallow water separated from the sea by a bar or spit. 3. Every river mouth forms a delta because river water necessarily deposits all its sediment at the coast. Which of the statements given above are correct? Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Statements 1 and 2 correctly identify the formation clues for a delta and a lagoon. Statement 3 is incorrect: not every river mouth is a delta; tidal mixing and a funnel-shaped drowned river mouth can instead characterize an estuary.
Q3Match List I with List II: List I (Technical agency) A. India Meteorological Department B. Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services C. Geological Survey of India D. Central Water Commission List II (Function) 1. Flood forecasting 2. Ocean and tsunami advisories 3. Cyclone, heatwave and weather warnings 4. Mapping landslides and geological hazards Select the correct answer using the code given below.
The India Meteorological Department issues cyclone, heatwave and weather warnings; the Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services provides ocean and tsunami advisories; the Geological Survey of India maps landslides and geological hazards; and the Central Water Commission supports flood forecasting. Thus the matching is A-3, B-2, C-4, D-1.
Q4Consider the following statements about plate margins: 1. Convergent margins can produce subduction, trenches and island arcs. 2. Divergent margins can produce mid-ocean ridges, rift valleys and basaltic volcanism. 3. Transform margins characteristically produce abundant volcanism but no strike-slip earthquakes. Which of the statements given above are correct? Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Statements 1 and 2 are correct descriptions of convergent and divergent margins. Statement 3 reverses the transform-margin association: transform margins produce strike-slip earthquakes and generally have limited volcanism.
Q5Consider the following statements about hazard and disaster risk: 1. A hazard is a potentially damaging event or process. 2. Exposure refers to people, assets or ecosystems located in the path of a hazard. 3. A hazard becomes a disaster whenever it occurs, irrespective of vulnerability and coping capacity. Which of the statements given above are correct? Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Statements 1 and 2 are correct. A hazard is a potentially damaging event, while exposure identifies the people, assets or ecosystems in its path. Statement 3 is incorrect because serious disruption becomes a disaster when hazard interacts with exposure and vulnerability and exceeds ordinary coping capacity.
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6Consider the following two statements about landslide susceptibility: Statement I: Intense rainfall is often a trigger, while geology and land use influence susceptibility. Statement II: A susceptibility map can predict the exact time of slope failure without local monitoring. Which one of the following is correct?
7Arrange the following stages of a moraine-dammed glacial lake outburst flood from the earliest to the latest: A. Water, sediment and boulders move downstream as a high-energy flood. B. A slope failure or intense melting raises the lake level. C. Hydropower structures, bridges, roads and settlements become secondary impact points. D. The moraine dam is breached. Select the correct answer using the code given below.
8Arrange the following links in a public early-warning chain from the earliest to the latest: A. Local dissemination of the warning B. Scientific detection of the hazard C. Evacuation support followed by post-event review D. Official bulletin followed by an administrative decision Select the correct answer using the code given below.
9Consider the following two statements about earthquakes: Statement I: Magnitude measures the energy released at an earthquake's source. Statement II: Intensity describes the observed shaking and damage at a location and can vary from place to place. Which one of the following is correct?