MCQ
upsc-p1-science-tech-biotechnology MCQ - Practice Questions with Answers
Solve 14 upsc-p1-science-tech-biotechnology questions for RAS/RPSC preparation.
Practice questions
Q1Match List I with List II: List I (Body or law) 1. IBSC 2. RCGM 3. GEAC 4. Biological Diversity Act, 2002 List II (Primary role) a. Environmental-release appraisal b. Bioresource access and benefit-sharing c. Institutional biosafety monitoring d. Research review and biosafety data generation Select the correct answer using the code given below.
IBSC monitors institutional biosafety, RCGM reviews research and biosafety data generation, GEAC appraises environmental release, and the Biological Diversity Act governs bioresource access and benefit-sharing. Thus option A is correct.
Q2With reference to genetically modified crops in India, consider the following statements: 1. Bt cotton, first approved for commercial cultivation in 2002, remains India's only GM crop approved for commercial cultivation. 2. GEAC recommended commercial release of Bt brinjal in 2009, but a moratorium was announced in 2010. 3. The Supreme Court gave a unanimous verdict approving commercial cultivation of GM mustard DMH-11 in 2024. Which of the statements given above are correct? Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Statements 1 and 2 are correct. Bt cotton is the only GM crop approved for commercial cultivation in India, while Bt brinjal remained under a moratorium after the 2009 recommendation. Statement 3 is incorrect because the 2024 GM mustard verdict was split, not unanimous, and commercial cultivation was not finally settled.
Q3Consider the following statements: Statement I: A gene is a part of DNA, and gene expression can involve RNA and protein formation. Statement II: Every mutation in DNA necessarily produces a visible trait. Which one of the following is correct?
Statement I is correct: genes are carried in DNA, and expression commonly proceeds through RNA to proteins that influence traits. Statement II is incorrect because not every DNA mutation changes a protein or produces an observable trait.
Q4Match List I with List II: List I (Tool or enzyme) (a) Restriction enzyme (b) DNA ligase (c) DNA polymerase (d) Reverse transcriptase List II (Function) 1. Joins DNA fragments 2. Makes DNA from RNA 3. Cuts DNA at specific recognition sequences 4. Copies DNA Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Restriction enzymes cut DNA at specific recognition sequences; ligase joins DNA fragments; polymerase copies DNA; and reverse transcriptase makes DNA from an RNA template. Thus option C supplies every correct pair.
Q5Consider the following statements about molecular biotechnology tools: 1. PCR amplifies selected DNA. 2. Sequencing reads the order of bases in DNA. 3. Reverse transcriptase makes DNA from RNA. Which of the statements given above are correct?
All three statements are correct and distinguish the tools by function. PCR copies a selected DNA segment, sequencing determines base order, and reverse transcriptase uses RNA as the template for making DNA. These processes are related but not interchangeable.
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6Consider the following statements about biotechnology applications: 1. Bioremediation can use microbes or plants to degrade pollutants. 2. Biosensors can detect contaminants. 3. Biofertilisers and biopesticides are necessarily genetically modified products. Which of the statements given above are correct?
7Consider the following statements about Bt technology: 1. Bt crops express proteins derived from Bacillus thuringiensis that are toxic to specific insect groups when ingested. 2. A Bt toxin effective against one pest group is automatically effective against all insects. Which one of the following is correct? Select the correct answer using the code given below.
8Consider the following statements about molecular biotechnology tools: 1. Restriction enzymes cut DNA at specific recognition sequences. 2. Ligase joins DNA fragments. 3. Reverse transcriptase makes RNA from DNA. Which of the statements given above are correct? Select the correct answer using the code given below.
9Consider the following statements about human gene editing: 1. Somatic editing generally affects only the treated individual. 2. Germline editing in reproductive cells or embryos can be inherited by future generations. Which one of the following is correct? Select the correct answer using the code given below.
10Match List I with List II: List I (Tool) 1. PCR 2. Sequencing 3. Tissue culture 4. Cloning List II (Primary function) a. Reading the order of bases b. Making a genetic copy c. Amplifying target DNA d. Regenerating whole plants from cells Select the correct answer using the code given below.
11Arrange the following steps of a recombinant DNA workflow in the correct sequence, from the earliest to the latest: a. Insert the construct into a vector b. Select transformed host cells c. Identify the gene of interest d. Join DNA fragments with ligase Select the correct answer using the code given below.
12Consider the following statements: Statement I: Somatic gene editing generally affects only the treated individual. Statement II: Germline editing can be inherited by future generations. Which one of the following is correct?
13With reference to India's biotechnology regulatory architecture, consider the following statements: 1. IBSC monitors recombinant DNA work at the institution level. 2. RCGM reviews research, confined experiments and biosafety data generation under DBT. 3. GEAC is the food-safety regulator under the Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006. Which of the statements given above are correct? Select the correct answer using the code given below.
14Arrange the following stages in a crop biotechnology assessment from the earliest to the latest: a. GEAC appraisal b. Confined field trial c. Laboratory work d. Post-release reporting Select the correct answer using the code given below.