MCQ
upsc-p1-geography-oceanography MCQ - Practice Questions with Answers
Solve 9 upsc-p1-geography-oceanography questions for RAS/RPSC preparation.
Practice questions
Q1Consider the following statements: 1. The Sargasso Sea is bounded by ocean currents rather than by land. 2. The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the only major current that circles the globe because no continent blocks it completely. Which one of the following is correct?
Both statements are independently correct. The Sargasso Sea lies within the North Atlantic subtropical gyre and is enclosed by currents. The Antarctic Circumpolar Current circles Antarctica without complete continental obstruction, but that fact does not explain the Sargasso Sea's boundary.
Q2With reference to salinity processes in sea water, consider the following statements: 1. Intense evaporation tends to raise salinity because water is removed while salts remain. 2. Freezing of sea water dilutes the surrounding water by retaining salts in the ice. 3. Melting ice can freshen the ocean surface. Which of the statements given above are correct?
Statements 1 and 3 are correct. Evaporation removes water and leaves salts behind, while melting ice freshens the surface. Statement 2 reverses the freezing process: sea ice formation rejects salt into surrounding water and can increase its density.
Q3Arrange the following ocean-floor features in the order in which they are generally encountered while moving from a continental coast towards a deep ocean basin where a trench is absent: (a) Continental shelf (b) Abyssal plain (c) Continental slope (d) Continental rise Select the correct answer using the code given below.
From the continental edge seaward, the shallow continental shelf gives way to the steeper continental slope. Where a trench is absent, a gentler sediment apron called the continental rise lies at the slope's base, followed by the deep, very flat abyssal plain.
Q4Arrange the following stages in the sequence described by the Darwin subsidence model of coral-reef development: (a) A barrier reef is separated from land by a broader lagoon. (b) A fringing reef develops close to a volcanic island. (c) An atoll remains as a ring around a lagoon. (d) The volcanic island subsides while the reef continues to grow upward. Select the correct answer using the code given below.
The model begins with a fringing reef beside a volcanic island. As the island subsides and the reef keeps growing upward, a broad lagoon separates a barrier reef from land. Continued subsidence ultimately leaves an atoll as a ring around a lagoon.
Q5With reference to coral reefs, consider the following statements: 1. Reef-building corals are marine animals that secrete calcium carbonate skeletons. 2. A barrier reef lies close to the shore with little or no lagoon. 3. Coral bleaching is not necessarily immediate coral death, and recovery is possible if stress ends early enough. Which of the statements given above are correct?
Statements 1 and 3 are correct. Reef-building corals are animals whose calcium carbonate skeletons accumulate into reefs, and bleached corals can recover if stress ends early. Statement 2 describes a fringing reef; a barrier reef is separated from land by a broader lagoon.
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6With reference to the controls of ocean currents, consider the following statements: 1. In the Northern Hemisphere, the Coriolis effect deflects moving ocean water to the right. 2. Eastern boundary currents are generally fast, narrow and warm. 3. Seasonal reversal of monsoon winds reverses circulation in the northern Indian Ocean. Which of the statements given above are correct?
7Consider the following statements about tides and coastal water-level changes: 1. The Moon has a stronger tide-generating effect than the Sun because it is much closer to Earth. 2. Neap tides occur when lunar and solar tide-generating forces reinforce each other. 3. A high tide is astronomical and predictable, whereas a storm surge is meteorological and cyclone-linked. Which of the statements given above are correct?
8Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below. List I (Ocean current) 1. Labrador Current 2. Benguela Current 3. Humboldt Current 4. Kuroshio Current List II (Associated region) (a) Grand Banks (b) Namib coast (c) Peru coast (d) Japan
9Consider the following statements about the Bay of Bengal: 1. A low-salinity surface layer can help the Bay of Bengal retain warm surface water favourable for cyclone intensification. 2. Heavy rainfall and river discharge create fresher surface stratification that can restrict mixing with cooler subsurface water. Which one of the following is correct?