MCQ
upsc-p1-environment-wetlands-mangroves MCQ - Practice Questions with Answers
Solve 7 upsc-p1-environment-wetlands-mangroves questions for RAS/RPSC preparation.
Practice questions
Q1With reference to wetlands, consider the following statements: 1. A wetland may be natural or human-made, permanent or temporary, and freshwater, brackish or saline. 2. Under the Ramsar Convention, marine areas deeper than 6 metres at low tide are included as wetlands. 3. A wetland is a habitat category, whereas a Ramsar site is an international designation. How many of the statements given above are correct? Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Statements 1 and 3 are correct. The Ramsar definition includes marine water only up to 6 metres deep at low tide, so Statement 2 reverses the depth limit.
Q2Arrange the following stages of wetland restoration in the order stated by the restoration hierarchy: A. Restore natural hydrology B. Avoid damage C. Monitor outcomes D. Reduce pollution at source Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Option D follows the hierarchy: avoid damage first, then restore natural hydrology, reduce pollution at source, and monitor outcomes. The full hierarchy also places minimisation after avoidance and carefully managed invasive removal and native planting before monitoring.
Q3Consider the following statements: 1. Wise use permits compatible and sustainable human use while maintaining a wetland's ecological character. 2. Ramsar designation transfers ownership of the designated wetland to the Ramsar Secretariat. Which one of the following is correct? Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Only Statement 1 is correct. Wise use is compatible use that maintains ecological character. Ramsar listing creates international reporting and management obligations but does not transfer land ownership.
Q4Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below. List I (Case) A. Vellore Citizens' Welfare Forum, 1996 B. M.C. Mehta v. Kamal Nath, 1997 C. Oleum Gas Leak, 1986 D. M.K. Ranjitsinh, 2024 List II (Principle or holding) 1. Public trust doctrine 2. Climate impacts linked with Articles 14 and 21 3. Precautionary principle and polluter pays 4. Absolute liability
Option C is correct. Vellore is associated with precaution and polluter pays; Kamal Nath with public trust; the Oleum Gas Leak case with absolute liability; and Ranjitsinh with climate impacts under Articles 14 and 21.
Q5With reference to mangroves, consider the following statements: 1. Pneumatophores assist gas exchange in oxygen-poor mud. 2. Vivipary helps seedlings establish quickly under tidal conditions. 3. Mangroves generally require clear, shallow and relatively low-nutrient marine water for reef building. Which of the statements given above are correct? Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Statements 1 and 2 are mangrove adaptations. Statement 3 describes the conditions required by reef-building corals, not mangroves.
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6With reference to the grouping of Ramsar criteria, consider the following statements: 1. Criterion 1 covers a representative, rare or unique wetland type. 2. Criteria 7 and 8 concern fish diversity and fish spawning, nursery or migration areas. 3. Criteria 5 and 6 concern wetland-dependent non-avian animals. Which of the statements given above are correct? Select the correct answer using the code given below.
7Consider the following statements about wetland governance in India: 1. State or UT Wetlands Authorities prepare wetland lists, recommend notification and define zones of influence. 2. The National Wetlands Committee is the daily site manager for every notified wetland. Which one of the following is correct? Select the correct answer using the code given below.