MCQ
upsc-p1-environment-indian-flora-fauna MCQ - Practice Questions with Answers
Solve 8 upsc-p1-environment-indian-flora-fauna questions for RAS/RPSC preparation.
Practice questions
Q1Arrange the following Indian environmental statutes in chronological order, beginning with the earliest: A. Environment Protection Act; B. Biological Diversity Act; C. Wild Life Protection Act; D. Forest Conservation Act. Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Option B gives the correct chronology: the Wild Life Protection Act was enacted in 1972, the Forest Conservation Act in 1980, the Environment Protection Act in 1986, and the Biological Diversity Act in 2002.
Q2Arrange the following descriptions of biodiversity from the narrowest biological scale to the broadest: A. Variation within a species, including landraces and wild relatives; B. Number and relative abundance of species; C. Diversity among forests, grasslands, wetlands, deserts, islands, coasts and marine systems. Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Option A is correct. Variation within one species is genetic diversity, the number and relative abundance of species is species diversity, and variation across habitat and ecosystem types is ecosystem diversity. The sequence therefore moves from genetic to species to ecosystem scale.
Q3Consider the following statements about species roles in conservation: 1. A flagship species is used to mobilise public attention and conservation support. 2. Protecting the habitat of an umbrella species also protects many associated species. 3. A keystone species is identified primarily by its popularity among the public. Which of the statements given above are correct?
Statements 1 and 2 correctly distinguish flagship and umbrella species. Statement 3 is incorrect: a keystone species is defined by an ecological effect disproportionately large relative to its abundance, not by public appeal.
Q4Consider the following statements about the levels of biodiversity: 1. Genetic diversity includes variation within a species, such as landraces and wild relatives of crops. 2. Species diversity refers only to the number of species and excludes their relative abundance. 3. Ecosystem diversity includes forests, grasslands, wetlands, deserts, islands, coasts and marine systems. Which of the statements given above are correct?
Statements 1 and 3 are correct. Genetic diversity concerns variation within a species, while ecosystem diversity covers multiple terrestrial, coastal and marine systems. Statement 2 is incorrect because species diversity includes both the number and the relative abundance of species.
Q5Match List I with List II: List I — A. Great Indian bustard; B. Gangetic river dolphin; C. Vultures; D. Reef-building corals. List II — 1. River health, flow and pollution sensitivity; 2. Habitat creation for fish and invertebrates, with bleaching under marine heat stress; 3. Grassland conservation and power-line collision risk; 4. Scavenging, disease control and the veterinary diclofenac link. Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Option A is correct. The great Indian bustard is tied to grassland and power-line risk; the Gangetic river dolphin reflects river flow and pollution conditions; vulture decline exposed the diclofenac, scavenging and public-health link; and reef-building corals create habitat but suffer bleaching under marine heat stress.
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More questions
6Consider the following statements about the constitutional basis of environmental protection in India: 1. Article 48A directs the State to protect and improve the environment and safeguard forests and wildlife. 2. Article 51A(g) places a fundamental duty on every citizen to protect and improve the natural environment and show compassion for living creatures. 3. Article 253 enables Parliament to legislate for implementing international agreements. Which of the statements given above are correct?
7Consider the following two statements: Statement 1: Forest and tree cover figures by themselves establish the biodiversity quality of a landscape. Statement 2: An increase in the number of documented species may result from better sampling, new species descriptions or digitisation rather than an increase in wild abundance. Which one of the following is correct?
8Consider the following statements: 1. Ex-situ conservation can replace landscape protection for wide-ranging species. 2. Ramsar recognition automatically gives a wetland the legal status of a national park in India. 3. Eco-sensitive zones are identical to protected areas under Indian law. How many of the statements given above are correct?