MCQ
upsc-p1-environment-agriculture-environment MCQ - Practice Questions with Answers
Solve 9 upsc-p1-environment-agriculture-environment questions for RAS/RPSC preparation.
Practice questions
Q1Arrange the following stages in the preferred hierarchy for managing an invasive alien species: (a) Containment and long-term control (b) Early detection and rapid response (c) Restoration with native species and monitoring (d) Prevention and risk analysis Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Management begins with prevention and risk analysis. If entry occurs, early detection and rapid response come next, followed by containment and long-term control. Restoration with native species and monitoring completes the sequence. Therefore option D is correct.
Q2Consider the following statements about environmental risk assessment of genetically modified crops: 1. Gene-flow risk depends partly on crop biology, wild relatives and the centre of diversity. 2. Environmental risks are uniform across all genetically modified crops because the regulatory category is the same. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Statement 1 is correct: gene flow is context-specific and is more consequential where compatible wild relatives or local varieties occur, especially in centres of diversity. Statement 2 is incorrect because risk varies by trait, crop biology, genetic event and receiving environment; a common regulatory label does not create a uniform risk profile.
Q3With reference to organic assurance in India, consider the following statements: 1. NPOP is linked to APEDA and uses third-party certification through accredited bodies. 2. PGS-India relies on local groups and peer appraisal and is oriented towards domestic markets. 3. The Food Safety and Standards Organic Foods Regulations, 2017 recognise both NPOP and PGS-India for organic foods. Which of the statements given above are correct?
All three statements are correct. NPOP is the APEDA-linked third-party certification and accreditation framework, whereas PGS-India uses participatory assurance through local groups and peer appraisal for domestic trust networks. The 2017 Organic Foods Regulations recognise both channels for organic foods.
Q4Arrange the following stages for maintaining the identity of produce marketed as organic in their logical order: (a) Certification or participatory assurance checks compliance (b) The farmer or group adopts organic standards (c) Product identity is protected through segregation and labelling (d) Records are maintained for inputs, conversion period, harvest and storage Select the correct answer using the code given below:
The farmer or group first adopts the standards, then keeps records for inputs, conversion, harvest and storage. Certification or participatory assurance checks those records and practices, after which segregation and labelling protect product identity. Thus option B gives the logical order.
Q5Consider the following statements about the regulation of genetically modified crops in India: 1. The Institutional Biosafety Committee supervises contained research at the institution level. 2. The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India conducts confined field trials before environmental release. 3. The Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee is central to appraisal for large-scale use and environmental release. Which of the statements given above are correct?
Statements 1 and 3 are correct. Institutional biosafety oversight covers contained research, while the Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee appraises large-scale use and environmental release. Statement 2 is incorrect because the food regulator deals with specified foods and labelling; it does not run confined GM-crop field trials.
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6Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below: List I (Species) (a) Parthenium hysterophorus (b) Lantana camara (c) Eichhornia crassipes (d) Fall armyworm List II (Associated impact or setting) 1. Serious pest of maize 2. Clogs water bodies, irrigation channels and wetlands 3. Weed affecting crops, pastures and human health 4. Suppresses native species regeneration at forest and pasture edges
7Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below: List I (Institution or mechanism) (a) Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (b) Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (c) APEDA under NPOP (d) Plant quarantine authorities List II (Principal role) 1. Permits, inspection and post-entry quarantine for agricultural imports 2. Export-facing third-party organic certification architecture 3. Appraisal of large-scale use and environmental release of genetically modified organisms 4. Regulation of specified foods and labelling
8With reference to nutrient and carbon flows in agro-ecosystems, consider the following statements: 1. Excess nitrogen and phosphorus can cause eutrophication, nitrate contamination and nitrous oxide emissions. 2. Soil organic carbon can store carbon, while flooded rice and livestock can emit greenhouse gases. 3. Greater use of soluble nitrogen fertilisers necessarily increases below-ground biodiversity. Which of the statements given above are correct?
9With reference to alien species and their management, consider the following statements: 1. Every species occurring outside its natural range is necessarily invasive. 2. An alien species becomes invasive when it establishes, spreads and causes harm. 3. Prevention, early detection and rapid response precede containment and long-term control in the preferred management hierarchy. Which of the statements given above are correct?