MCQ
upsc-p1-environment-pollution MCQ - Practice Questions with Answers
Solve 8 upsc-p1-environment-pollution questions for RAS/RPSC preparation.
Practice questions
Q1Consider the following statements about environmental adjudication in India: 1. The National Green Tribunal applies the principles of sustainable development, precaution and polluter pays. 2. The Oleum Gas Leak case laid down absolute liability for hazardous or inherently dangerous enterprises. 3. The Vellore Citizens Welfare Forum case recognised the precautionary and polluter pays principles as part of Indian environmental law. Which of the statements given above are correct?
All three statements are correct. The NGT Act framework expressly uses the three environmental principles. The Oleum Gas Leak case established absolute liability, while the Vellore case recognised precaution and polluter pays within Indian environmental law.
Q2With reference to organic pollution and eutrophication in water bodies, consider the following statements: 1. High biological oxygen demand usually indicates a high biodegradable organic load. 2. High dissolved oxygen is generally favourable for aquatic life. 3. Decomposition following nutrient-driven algal growth can consume oxygen. Which of the statements given above are correct?
All three statements are correct. Microbes need more oxygen when biodegradable organic load is high, so BOD rises and oxygen depletion risk increases. In eutrophication, nutrient enrichment promotes algal growth and subsequent decomposition consumes oxygen; higher DO generally supports aquatic organisms.
Q3Consider the following statements about noise pollution: Statement I: Noise can cause environmental harm even though no material contaminant is deposited. Statement II: The decibel scale is linear, so equal numerical increases always represent equal increases in sound energy. Which one of the following is correct?
Statement I is correct because noise is an energy pollutant whose intensity, duration and timing can harm health and ecology. Statement II is incorrect because the decibel scale is logarithmic, not linear.
Q4Arrange the following stages of thermal pollution from an industrial cooling system in their correct sequence: A. Cooling water absorbs waste heat inside the facility B. Warmer water is released into a natural water body C. Water is withdrawn for cooling D. Dissolved-oxygen stress on aquatic organisms may intensify Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Option B gives the correct sequence. The facility first withdraws cooling water; the water absorbs waste heat; warmer water is then discharged; and because warm water holds less dissolved oxygen while organism metabolism rises, oxygen stress may intensify.
Q5With reference to soil pollution, consider the following statements: 1. Heavy metals biodegrade in the same manner as ordinary organic waste. 2. Soil contaminants may reach humans through crops, groundwater or dust. 3. Soil salinisation can occur only where an industrial factory is present. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Only statement 2 is correct. Heavy metals do not biodegrade like organic waste and can persist in soil. Salinisation may also result from canal irrigation without drainage, over-irrigation, seawater intrusion or poor-quality groundwater; a factory is not necessary.
You've seen 5 of 8 sample questions
Unlimited practice on upsc-p1-environment-pollution comes with the RAS Test Series + Practice pack or Gate Pass.
More questions
6With reference to the source-pathway-receptor framework of pollution, consider the following statements: 1. A pipe discharging effluent into a river is a point source. 2. Wind, runoff and seepage can act as pollution pathways. 3. Only humans, and not crops or aquatic organisms, can be pollution receptors. Which of the statements given above are correct?
7Match List I with List II: List I (Pollution type) A. Air pollution B. Water pollution C. Soil pollution D. Thermal pollution List II (Useful indicator) 1. Pesticide residue and salinity 2. PM2.5 and PM10 3. Temperature rise and dissolved-oxygen stress 4. Biological oxygen demand and dissolved oxygen Select the correct answer using the code given below.
8Consider the following statements about pollution monitoring: Statement I: Ambient monitoring measures the quality of the receiving environment, such as city air or river water. Statement II: Compliance by one factory with its stack-emission norm guarantees that the local airshed will meet ambient standards. Which one of the following is correct?