Glossary of official & technical terms (English) MCQ — 15 Practice Questions with Answers

Explanation

Ultra vires is a technical legal and official term used for an act done beyond the powers conferred by law, rule, charter, or authority. The assertion is therefore true. The reason is also true: the expression is understood through ultra, meaning beyond, and vires, meaning powers. That etymological cue is not merely incidental; it explains why the term fits an authority acting outside its permitted competence. Thus both statements are true and R explains A.

Explanation

"Ex officio" is a technical Latin term used in official and legal English. It means that a person holds a role because of another office already held, not because of a separate appointment. The cue is "District Collector, as Chairperson ex officio": the Collector becomes Chairperson by virtue of being District Collector. It does not mean former, outside authority, or consent-based nomination.

Explanation

Statements 1 and 2 capture the usual official meanings. A notification is a formal announcement by an authority, often used to make a rule, appointment, date, or decision known. A circular is a communication circulated to several recipients, commonly for instructions or clarification. Statement 3 is incorrect because a summons calls or requires a person to appear before a court or authority. It does not direct someone to remain absent. Hence only Statements 1 and 2 are correct.

Explanation

A quorum is the minimum number of members needed before a meeting can validly transact business. A corrigendum is a correction issued for an earlier published text. A gazette is an official public journal or record in which government notifications may be published. A memorandum is a formal written note or communication, often within an office or department. Therefore the correct set is 1-B, 2-D, 3-A, 4-C.

Explanation

A corrigendum corrects an error in an earlier notice, order, advertisement, or publication. An addendum adds something that was omitted or later needs to be attached to the original document. The third statement is the trap: a memorandum may be an internal note, a communication, or a record of understanding, depending on context. It is not, by definition, a public law that has received legislative assent. Therefore, only Statements 1 and 2 are correct.