Indian Constitution, Political System & Governance MCQ - Practice Questions with Answers

The BSA keeps a clear boundary between oral and documentary proof. Section 54 allows oral evidence for all facts except the contents of documents, while Section 55 insists that oral evidence be direct, such as evidence from the person who saw, heard or otherwise perceived the fact.

BNSS section 35 keeps arrest tied to necessity. Where arrest is not required under section 35(1), the police officer issues a notice requiring the person to appear, and a compliant person is not to be arrested for that offence unless reasons are recorded.

BNSS section 356 creates a structured trial-in-absentia mechanism for a proclaimed offender who has absconded to evade trial and has no immediate prospect of arrest. The Court must record reasons, wait at least ninety days from framing of charge, and satisfy procedural safeguards including consecutive warrants, publication and notice before the trial proceeds.

Section 63(4) requires a certificate when a statement is given in evidence by virtue of section 63. The certificate must identify the electronic record, describe how it was produced, give appropriate device particulars, and deal with the conditions in section 63(2); it is submitted along with the record at each instance where it is offered for admission.

Section 63(4) requires a certificate to accompany the electronic record at each instance of submission for admission. The certificate must identify the record and production manner, give appropriate device particulars, and deal with the reliability conditions in Section 63(2), with the stated signing requirement.