स्वास्थ्य, खाद्य एवं पोषण MCQ — 96 अभ्यास प्रश्न उत्तर सहित

96 स्वास्थ्य, खाद्य एवं पोषण बहुविकल्पीय प्रश्नों का अभ्यास करें, विस्तृत उत्तर और व्याख्या सहित। RAS/RPSC परीक्षा की तैयारी के लिए आदर्श।

96 प्रश्न विज्ञान एवं प्रौद्योगिकी

Q1. mRNA vaccines work by:

A Using bacterial DNA

B Injecting ready-made antibodies

C Injecting weakened live virus

D Introducing messenger RNA that instructs cells to produce a viral protein, triggering immune response Correct

Explanation

mRNA vaccines (like Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna) deliver synthetic mRNA encoding the spike protein. Human cells use this mRNA to produce the protein, which triggers an immune response.

Q2. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is defined as TB that is resistant to at least which two first-line drugs?

A Isoniazid and Rifampicin Correct

B Streptomycin and Ethambutol

C Rifampicin and Pyrazinamide

D Ethambutol and Pyrazinamide

Explanation

MDR-TB is defined as tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that is resistant to at least isoniazid and rifampicin, the two most potent first-line anti-TB drugs. XDR-TB (Extensively Drug-Resistant TB) is MDR/RR-TB with additional resistance to any fluoroquinolone and at least one further Group A drug such as bedaquiline or linezolid. India has the highest TB burden globally.

Q3. Who was appointed as the Chairperson of the 8th Central Pay Commission in October 2025?

A Justice D.Y. Chandrachud

B Justice Ranjana Desai Correct

C Professor Pulak Ghosh

D Pankaj Jain

Explanation

Justice Ranjana Desai (retd.) was appointed Chairperson of the 8th Central Pay Commission after the Union Cabinet approved its Terms of Reference on 28 October 2025. Professor Pulak Ghosh was appointed as Part-time Member and Pankaj Jain as Secretary. The 7th CPC recommendations were implemented from 1 January 2016.

Q4. WHO launched which digital resource at the Traditional Medicine Summit?

A Ayush Research Portal

B Traditional Medicine Global Library Correct

C Traditional Medicine App

D World Health Data Hub

Explanation

WHO unveiled the Traditional Medicine Global Library, a digital platform consolidating 1.6 million resources on traditional medicine.

Q5. In the contaminated cough syrup crisis of October 2025, which chemical contaminant was found in the syrup 'Coldrif' that caused acute kidney injury in children?

A Methanol

B Ethylene glycol

C Diethylene glycol (DEG) Correct

D Formaldehyde

Explanation

The cough syrup 'Coldrif' was contaminated with diethylene glycol (DEG) at approximately 48.6%, far exceeding permissible limits, causing acute kidney injury and death of at least 23 children in Madhya Pradesh. The WHO issued a Medical Product Alert confirming the contamination.

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Q6. Consider the following statements about Nipah virus (NiV): 1. Nipah virus belongs to the family Paramyxoviridae and fruit bats of the genus Pteropus are its primary natural reservoir. 2. India has reported Nipah outbreaks only in Kerala and West Bengal. 3. The case fatality rate of Nipah virus infection ranges from 40% to 75%. 4. As of 2026, there is no WHO-approved vaccine against Nipah virus. Which of the statements given above are correct?

A 1 and 3 only

B 2 and 4 only

C 1, 3, and 4 only

D 1, 2, 3, and 4

Q7. Avian influenza (bird flu) H5N1 virus is concerning because:

A It only spreads through water

B It only affects birds

C It has potential for zoonotic transmission to humans with high mortality

D It has been eradicated

Q8. Covaxin, India's indigenous COVID-19 vaccine, was developed by:

A Zydus Cadila

B Dr. Reddy's Laboratories

C Serum Institute of India

D Bharat Biotech in collaboration with ICMR and NIV Pune

Q9. What is the name of the AI-predicted drug candidate for cancer discovered by Google's AI?

A Remdesivir

B Molnupiravir

C Paxlovid

D Silmitasertib

Q10. What are the UNAIDS 95-95-95 targets for HIV?

A 95% diagnosis, 95% treatment, 95% viral suppression

B 95% prevention, 95% cure, 95% eradication

C 95% vaccination, 95% screening, 95% awareness

D 95% funding, 95% research, 95% access

Q11. India's PM-ABHIM (PM Ayushman Bharat Health Infrastructure Mission) targets:

A Pharmaceutical manufacturing

B Only digital health

C Only hospitals

D Developing health infrastructure from block to national level including labs and surveillance

Q12. Consider the following statements regarding World Hearing Day 2026 observed on March 3, 2026: 1. It marked the 20th anniversary of the annual WHO-led event. 2. The theme was 'From Communities to Classrooms: Hearing Care for All Children'. 3. WHO estimates that over 34 million children worldwide live with disabling hearing loss. 4. More than 80% of childhood hearing loss is preventable. Which of the statements given above are CORRECT?

A 1, 2 and 3 only

B 1 and 2 only

C 2, 3 and 4 only

D 1, 2, 3 and 4

Q13. India's Chandipura virus, which causes encephalitis outbreaks, is transmitted through:

A Contaminated water

B Airborne droplets

C Mosquito bites only

D Sandfly bites

Q14. The Universal Immunization Programme (UIP) of India provides free vaccination against how many diseases (as of recent expansion)?

A 5

B 6

C 8

D 12

Q15. Mutations in which gene, identified by Brunkow and Ramsdell, cause IPEX syndrome in humans?

A Foxp3

B BRCA1

C TP53

D CFTR

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स्वास्थ्य, खाद्य एवं पोषण MCQ — 96 अभ्यास प्रश्न उत्तर सहित

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