आनुवंशिकी, जैव प्रौद्योगिकी एवं नैनो प्रौद्योगिकी MCQ — 98 अभ्यास प्रश्न उत्तर सहित

Explanation

Nano-fertilizers encapsulate or deliver nutrients at the nanoscale (1-100 nm), increasing surface area for better absorption by plants. IFFCO's Nano Urea, launched in 2021, is the world's first nano-urea liquid. Benefits include reduced quantity needed, less environmental runoff, and better nutrient use efficiency.

Explanation

Biofortification breeds crops to increase nutrient content through conventional breeding, agronomic practices, or genetic modification. Indian examples: Iron-rich pearl millet (Dhanashakti), Zinc-rich wheat (WB-02), Protein-rich maize (Pusa Vivek QPM-9). ICAR leads these efforts.

Explanation

James Watson and Francis Crick co-discovered the DNA double helix in 1953; they won the 1962 Nobel Prize.

Explanation

Sir Alec Jeffreys developed DNA fingerprinting in 1984 at the University of Leicester. In India, CDFD (Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics) at Hyderabad was established in 1995 for forensic, paternity, and biodiversity applications.

Explanation

CAR-T (Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell) therapy extracts patient's T-cells, genetically engineers them to express CARs that target cancer-specific antigens, expands them in lab, and infuses them back. India's first indigenous CAR-T therapy NexCAR19 was developed by IIT Bombay and Tata Memorial Hospital.