MCQ
Syllogism and logical Venn diagrams MCQ - Practice Questions with Answers
Solve 10 Syllogism and logical Venn diagrams questions for RAS/RPSC preparation.
Practice questions
Q1Statement: All A are B. Conclusions: 1. All A are C. 2. Some A are not C. Choose the correct assessment.
The given statement fixes only the A-B relation. It does not decide whether all A lie inside C or whether at least one A lies outside C, so neither conclusion follows separately. However, "All A are B" and "Some A are not B" are identified as a complementary pair for the same class relation. Applied to A and C, the two conclusions exhaust the possibilities: either every A is C, or at least one A is not C. Since they cannot both be false, the either-or assessment is valid.
Q2In an either-or syllogism case, the relation between files and reports is left undecided by the statements. Which pair of conclusions can be accepted as a genuine complementary pair?
Either-or applies only to genuine logical complements: the two conclusions should cover all possibilities, neither should follow alone, and they must concern the same subject-predicate relation. "All files are reports" and "some files are not reports" split the possibilities for the file class exactly: either every file lies within reports, or at least one file lies outside reports. Partial overlap with partial non-overlap does not exhaust the possibilities, and two converted negative statements are not alternatives.
Q3In categorical syllogism, what does the statement "Some A are B" strictly mean?
"some" is treated as a minimum logical quantity. "Some A are B" means at least one common member exists between A and B. It does not say many, most, all, or only. Therefore the defensible reading is that one or more members lie in the shared region of A and B. Reading it as a majority or as full inclusion adds information not supplied by the statement, which is exactly the kind of over-reading syllogism questions test.
Q4List I gives three terms and List II gives the logical Venn relation. List I: 1. Squares, rectangles, quadrilaterals 2. Students, players, artists 3. Triangles, circles, squares List II: a. Three classes may partially overlap b. Complete separation among the three classes c. Chain of complete inclusion Which matching is correct?
The classification examples in There are three distinct relations. Squares, rectangles and quadrilaterals form a chain because every square is a rectangle and every rectangle is a quadrilateral. Students, players and artists may partially overlap because one person can belong to one, two or all three groups. Triangles, circles and squares, when used as geometric figures, are completely separate. Thus the correct matching is chain of inclusion, partial overlap and complete separation respectively.
Q5In a categorical syllogism, which test should be used to decide whether a conclusion is valid?
There is the core rule of categorical syllogism: a conclusion is valid only when it follows in every possible case from the given statements. Real-life truth is irrelevant, and a neat diagram is useful only if it represents compulsory relations. If a conclusion is true in one possible drawing but false in another drawing that still satisfies the statements, it does not follow. Therefore the reliable test is whether the conclusion survives all valid arrangements of the premises.
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More questions
6Assertion (A): From "No selected candidate is absent", it follows that no absent person is a selected candidate. Reason (R): A universal negative statement shows complete separation, so it converts safely in reverse order. Choose the correct answer.
7Match the group of terms with the correct logical Venn relation. List I: 1. Squares, rectangles, quadrilaterals 2. Triangles, circles, squares 3. Students, players, artists 4. Mothers, women, teachers List II: P. Complete separation among the three classes Q. Chain of complete inclusion R. Partial overlap may occur among the classes S. One class is inside another, while the third may overlap with them Choose the correct code.
8Statements: 1. All applicants are graduates. 2. Some graduates are employees. Which conclusion definitely follows?
9Statements: All A are B. Some B are C. Conclusions: 1. Some A are C. 2. Some C are B. Which conclusion follows?
10Assertion (A): From "All A are B" and "Some B are C", it is not definite that some A are C. Reason (R): The B-C overlap may lie in the part of B that is outside A.