MCQ
Environment, ecology and biodiversity MCQ - Practice Questions with Answers
Solve 19 Environment, ecology and biodiversity questions for RAS/RPSC preparation.
Practice questions
Q1Consider the following statements about biodiversity: Statement 1: Genetic diversity refers to variation within a species. Statement 2: Ecosystem diversity includes variety in habitats such as forests, grasslands, wetlands and rivers. Statement 3: Biodiversity means only the number of wild animals in an area. Which statements are correct?
Biodiversity must be read at three levels: genetic, species and ecosystem. Genetic diversity means variation within a species, such as crop varieties or disease-resistant populations. Ecosystem diversity means variety in habitats and ecological processes, including forests, grasslands, wetlands, rivers and other systems. The idea that biodiversity is only a count of wild animals is directly rejected. Therefore, the genetic-diversity and ecosystem-diversity statements are correct.
Q2Match List I with List II. List I: 1. Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 2. Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 3. Biological Diversity Act, 2002 4. National Green Tribunal Act, 2010 List II: a. Control over diversion of forest land for non-forest purposes b. Protected areas, hunting restrictions and species protection c. Adjudicatory forum for specified environmental questions d. Conservation, sustainable use and benefit sharing
One should attach each legal instrument to its exact job. The Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 covers protected areas, hunting restrictions, schedules and species protection. The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 regulates diversion of forest land for non-forest purposes. The Biological Diversity Act, 2002 focuses on conservation, sustainable use and access-benefit sharing. The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010 supplies an adjudicatory forum for specified environmental questions. The mapping with wildlife protection, forest diversion control, benefit sharing and environmental adjudication keeps every law with its stated purpose.
Q3Match the environmental law or institution with its role: List I: 1. Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 2. Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 3. Biological Diversity Act, 2002 4. National Green Tribunal Act, 2010 List II: a. Umbrella law for protecting and improving environmental quality b. Specialised forum for quick disposal of important environmental cases c. Protected areas, hunting control and legal protection of listed species d. Legal structure for biodiversity authorities, boards and committees Choose the correct match.
One should attach each law to its exact function. The Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 covers protected areas, hunting restrictions and species protection. The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 is the umbrella law for protecting and improving environmental quality. The Biological Diversity Act, 2002 provides the structure for the National Biodiversity Authority, State Biodiversity Boards and local committees. The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010 creates the specialised forum for quicker disposal of environmental cases.
Q4Which statement best captures the boundary between environment and ecology as used?
There is a simple filter: environment is the wider setting in which organisms and human societies live, including air, water, land, climate, resources, built spaces and institutions. Ecology is narrower and more scientific; it studies interactions among organisms and between organisms and their physical surroundings. Therefore a waste rule, mine clearance or heat action plan is environmental governance, while its effect on food webs, soil organisms, wetlands or disease vectors is ecological analysis.
Q5Which one of the following statements is incorrect about conservation methods mentioned?
The incorrect statement is that ex-situ conservation fully replaces natural habitat protection. Ex-situ conservation works outside the natural habitat through seed banks, gene banks, botanical gardens, zoos, tissue culture and captive breeding. It is useful, but it does not replace habitat protection, food-web recovery and threat control. In-situ conservation protects organisms in their natural habitat or community landscape, and biosphere reserves use core, buffer and transition zones for conservation, research and sustainable use.
You've seen 5 of 19 sample questions
Unlimited practice on Environment, ecology and biodiversity comes with the RAS Test Series + Practice pack or Gate Pass.
More questions
6Read the following statements about biodiversity levels: Statement 1: Genetic diversity means variation within a species. Statement 2: Species diversity means only the presence of large wild animals. Statement 3: Ecosystem diversity includes habitats such as forests, grasslands, deserts, wetlands, rivers and mangroves. Which statements are correct?
7Match the environmental law or treaty with its correct function. List I: 1. Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 2. Biological Diversity Act, 2002 3. National Green Tribunal Act, 2010 4. Convention on Biological Diversity, 1992 List II: a. Specialised forum for effective and expeditious disposal of major environmental cases b. Umbrella law for protection and improvement of environmental quality c. Conservation, sustainable use and fair benefit sharing as global biodiversity pillars d. National, State and local institutions for biodiversity governance in India
8Which statement best captures the boundary between environment and ecology as used?
9Which one of the following statements about Rajasthan wetland examples is incorrect?
10Match List I with List II: List I: 1. In-situ conservation 2. Ex-situ conservation 3. Biosphere reserve 4. Ramsar status List II: a. Protection outside the natural habitat through seed banks, gene banks or zoos b. Recognition of wetlands of international importance c. Protection in the natural habitat or community landscape d. Core, buffer and transition zones for conservation, research and sustainable use Choose the correct code.
11Which one of the following statements about conservation methods is incorrect?
12Assertion (A): A corridor should be judged by whether it allows movement and ecological exchange, not merely by whether it is a strip of trees. Reason (R): Fragmentation by roads, canals, mines, urban sprawl or fenced infrastructure can restrict movement, reduce gene flow and increase human-wildlife conflict.
13In an aquatic food chain, a persistent pollutant is first stored inside a fish's body and later shows a higher concentration in birds that feed on many such fish. Which pair of terms correctly describes these two stages?
14Consider the following statements about ecosystem processes. Statement 1: Energy flow in an ecosystem is one-way. Statement 2: Nutrients such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and water also move only in one direction. Statement 3: Bioaccumulation is the build-up of a substance inside one organism. Statement 4: Biomagnification means a falling concentration of a substance at higher trophic levels. Which statements are correct?
15Read the assertion and reason: Assertion (A): Biomagnification means the rising concentration of a persistent pollutant across higher trophic levels. Reason (R): Energy transfer between trophic levels is unlimited, so long food chains are usually highly efficient. Choose the correct answer.