Pollution & Conservation MCQ

Question 1

Consider the following statements:
1. Section 2 of the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 restricts dereservation of reserved forests without prior approval of the Central Government.
2. The Act restricts use of forest land for non-forest purpose without prior approval of the Central Government.
3. With Central Government approval and specified terms, forest land may be assigned by lease or otherwise to a private person or specified authority.
4. Clearing naturally grown trees on forest land for reafforestation is outside Section 2 and never needs prior Central approval.
Which of the statements given above are correct?

Accepted Answer

Statements 1 and 2 are correct because Section 2 requires prior Central Government approval for dereservation and non-forest use. Statement 3 is correct because lease or assignment to private persons or other bodies is allowed only subject to terms specified by the Central Government. Statement 4 is incorrect: clearing naturally grown trees for reafforestation is also listed under Section 2's prior-approval framework.

Question 2

Consider the following statements:
1. The Green India Mission is one of the missions under the National Action Plan on Climate Change.
2. The Green India Mission aims to protect, restore and enhance India's forest cover and respond to climate change through adaptation and mitigation measures.
3. The National Tiger Conservation Authority is constituted under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.
4. Project Tiger is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme providing support for in-situ conservation of tigers in designated tiger reserves.
Which of the statements given above are correct?

Accepted Answer

Statements 1 and 2 are correct: official Green India Mission material identifies it as a mission under NAPCC and states its protection, restoration, enhancement, adaptation and mitigation aims. Statement 3 is incorrect because NTCA is under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, as amended in 2006. Statement 4 is correct: NTCA describes Project Tiger as a Centrally Sponsored Scheme for in-situ tiger conservation in designated reserves.

Question 3

Consider the following statements:
1. Interior wetlands include marshes, ponds, lakes, peatlands, rivers, floodplains and mud.
2. Coastal wetlands include saltwater marshes, estuaries, mangroves, lagoons and coral reefs.
3. Fish ponds and rice fields are never treated as human-made wetlands.
Which of the statements given above are correct?

Accepted Answer

Statements 1 and 2 are correct as listed on the MoEFCC wetlands page. Statement 3 is incorrect because fish ponds and rice fields are given as examples of human-made wetlands.

Question 4

Consider the following statements:
1. Dibru-Saikhowa National Park is a Ramsar Site of Assam.
2. Sukinda Valley in Odisha holds about 95 per cent of India's chromite reserves.
3. Deepar Beel, not Dibru-Saikhowa, is identified in the corpus as Assam's Ramsar site entry.
Which of the statements given above are correct?

Accepted Answer

Statement 1 is false: the corpus explicitly says Assam's Ramsar entry is Deepar Beel, not Dibru-Saikhowa. Statement 2 is true: the corpus states that the Sukinda ultramafic complex contributes nearly 95 per cent of India's chromite reserves. Statement 3 is true for the same reason.

Question 5

Consider the following statements:
1. Section 7 of the Biological Diversity Act establishes the National Biodiversity Authority.
2. Section 22 of the Biological Diversity Act deals with State Biodiversity Boards.
3. Section 41 of the Biological Diversity Act deals with Biodiversity Management Committees.
Which of the statements given above are correct?

Accepted Answer

Statement 1 is false because India Code lists establishment of the National Biodiversity Authority under Section 8, not Section 7. Statement 2 is true because Section 22 is about establishment of State Biodiversity Boards. Statement 3 is true because Section 41 is about constitution of Biodiversity Management Committees.

Pollution & Conservation MCQ — 93 Practice Questions with Answers

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