MCQ
Computer fundamentals: generations, types and number systems MCQ - Practice Questions with Answers
Solve 20 Computer fundamentals: generations, types and number systems questions for RAS/RPSC preparation.
Practice questions
Q1Study the statements about computer types. Statement 1: Analog computers work with continuous physical quantities such as temperature, speed or pressure. Statement 2: General-purpose and special-purpose computers are classified by data handling, not by use. Which answer is correct?
Two classification ideas are distinct. Analog, digital and hybrid computers describe data handling: analog systems work with continuous physical quantities, digital systems use discrete binary values, and hybrid systems combine the two. General-purpose and special-purpose computers describe use or flexibility. A general-purpose computer runs many programs, while a special-purpose computer is optimised for one task. Thus the statement about analog computers is correct, but the classification claim about purpose is wrong.
Q2Using the binary-to-hexadecimal grouping rule, what is the hexadecimal form of binary 101101?
For hexadecimal conversion, binary digits to be grouped in sets of four from the right, padding on the left only when needed. Binary 101101 becomes 0010 1101. The left group 0010 is 2, and the right group 1101 is 13. In hexadecimal, D represents 13, so the result is 2D. A decimal check also supports it: 2 x 16 + 13 equals 45, the same value as binary 101101.
Q3Match the items in List I with their correct descriptions in List II. List I: 1. Registers 2. RAM 3. ROM 4. SSD List II: a. Non-volatile secondary storage using flash memory b. Very small and fastest storage locations inside the CPU c. Volatile working memory for running programs and active data d. Non-volatile firmware or startup-instruction memory Choose the correct matching.
Registers are described as very small, very fast storage locations inside the CPU. RAM is volatile working memory that holds running programs and active data while the computer is working. ROM is non-volatile and stores firmware or startup instructions. SSD is secondary storage based on flash memory and retains data without power. These definitions give the matching registers with fastest CPU storage, RAM with volatile working memory, ROM with firmware memory and SSD with flash-based secondary storage.
Q4Consider the following statements. Statement 1: A special-purpose computer is designed for a narrow job, such as an ATM or traffic signal controller. Statement 2: A digital computer works with continuous physical quantities such as temperature, pressure or speed. Which of the statements is/are correct?
Computers by purpose and by the nature of data handled are classified. A special-purpose computer is built for a narrow task; an automatic teller machine and a traffic signal controller are listed as examples, so the first statement is correct. Continuous physical quantities such as temperature, pressure and speed belong to analogue computers. Digital computers work with discrete values, especially binary digits, so the second statement is not correct.
Q5Match the computer generation with its main technology. List I: 1. Second generation 2. Third generation 3. Fourth generation List II: a. Microprocessor b. Transistor c. Integrated circuit
There is a clear progression of technologies: the second generation replaced vacuum tubes with transistors, the third generation used integrated circuits, and the fourth generation is linked with microprocessors. The clue is the device change in each generation. Therefore, second generation matches transistor, third generation matches integrated circuit, and fourth generation matches microprocessor.
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More questions
6Using the place-value method given what is binary 1101 equal to in decimal?
7A computer installed in an automatic teller machine is designed mainly to perform one narrow banking task reliably. Which type does this best illustrate?
8Match the computer generation with its dominant technology. List I: 1. First generation 2. Second generation 3. Third generation 4. Fourth generation List II: a. Microprocessors b. Vacuum tubes c. Integrated circuits d. Transistors Which matching is correct?
9Assertion (A): The fourth generation of computers is linked with microprocessors. Reason (R): A microprocessor places the main processing unit on a single chip, which made personal and embedded computers possible. Choose the correct answer.
10Read the assertion and reason. Assertion (A): A byte is a group of 8 bits. Reason (R): Unicode is an older character code used only for English letters and basic symbols. Choose the correct answer.
11Assertion (A): The binary number 101101 is written as 2D in hexadecimal. Reason (R): For hexadecimal conversion, binary digits are grouped in sets of 4 from the right, left padding with zeros is used when needed, and D represents 13. Choose the correct answer.
12Which one of the following statements is incorrect about computer types by data handling?
13Which main electronic technology is correctly linked with the second generation of computers?
14Consider the following statements about memory and storage. Statement 1: RAM is volatile working memory and its active contents are lost when power is switched off. Statement 2: In the speed hierarchy, registers are faster than cache, cache is faster than RAM, and RAM is faster than SSD or HDD. Statement 3: ROM is normally used for long-term user file storage like an SSD. Which statements are correct?
15Read the assertion and reason. Assertion (A): Two hexadecimal digits can represent one byte. Reason (R): One hexadecimal digit represents exactly 4 bits, and one byte is 8 bits. Choose the correct answer.