Basic Computer: Computer Organisation MCQ — 14 Practice Questions with Answers

Explanation

A standard computer block diagram separates input, processing, memory and output. The processing block is the CPU. Inside the CPU, the Arithmetic Logic Unit performs arithmetic and logical operations, while the Control Unit directs the sequence of operations and movement of data. The cue in the question is “inside the CPU”, so external devices such as keyboard, monitor or printer are eliminated. RAM and hard disk are memory or storage components, not the CPU’s two core units. Hence, ALU and Control Unit is the correct pair.

Explanation

In a block diagram, each unit has a fixed basic role. The Input Unit accepts data and instructions from the user or input devices. The Memory Unit stores data, instructions and intermediate results. The ALU performs arithmetic and logical operations inside the CPU. The Output Unit presents processed information to the user through devices such as a monitor or printer. Matching these roles gives I-c, II-d, III-b and IV-a. The other options swap either input with output or memory with ALU.

Explanation

The question tests the internal organisation of the CPU, not the whole computer system. A CPU is usually explained as containing the ALU, which performs calculations and logic, the Control Unit, which coordinates instruction execution, and registers, which hold data or instructions temporarily at very high speed. Statement 1 correctly names these main parts, and Statement 2 correctly describes registers. Since both statements agree with the standard CPU block-level description, the correct option is that both are correct.

Explanation

The ALU is the arithmetic and logic section of the CPU. It performs operations such as addition, subtraction, comparison and logical decisions, so Statement I is correct. Statement II overstates the role of the ALU. A CPU is not only the ALU; it also has a Control Unit, and in many descriptions includes registers for fast temporary storage. The Control Unit is essential because it directs instruction execution and data movement. Therefore, the correct evaluation is: Statement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect.

Explanation

The Control Unit is the coordinating part of the CPU. It fetches instructions from memory, decodes or interprets them, and sends control signals so that the ALU, memory and input-output units act in the correct order. It is not a permanent storage device, a display device, or an OCR tool. The option that mentions fetching, interpreting and directing other units matches the standard role of the Control Unit in the computer organisation block diagram.