Basic Computer: Security & Viruses MCQ — 15 Practice Questions with Answers

Explanation

The assertion is true because a password alone can be guessed, leaked or stolen through phishing. Multi-factor authentication adds another check, such as a one-time code, authenticator app approval or biometric verification. The reason is also true and it explains why the account becomes safer: knowing the password is no longer sufficient for login. This does not make the account impossible to attack, but it reduces the chance of unauthorised access compared with password-only protection.

Explanation

This is a phishing situation: the email creates urgency and asks for a password through a link. The first safe step is to inspect the exact address and domain, or separately open the bank's known website. A secure-looking page is not enough, because fake pages can copy logos and colours. Banks do not ask users to send passwords by email. Antivirus may help, but it cannot replace careful checking of the URL and sender.

Explanation

Ransomware is malicious software that can encrypt or lock a user's files and then demand payment for access. This makes the Reason true. Regular backups are useful because they provide a separate copy of important data. If the original files become encrypted, deleted or unusable, the user can restore data from a clean backup instead of depending only on the attacker. Therefore the Assertion is also true, and the Reason correctly explains why backups reduce the damage caused by ransomware.

Explanation

The stem asks for the incorrect practice, so the right answer is the unsafe behaviour. A strong password should be long and should normally mix letters, numbers and symbols. It should not be reused across important accounts, because one leaked password can then open email, banking and social media together. Changing a suspected compromised password and not sharing passwords over chat or email are both safe habits. Hence option B is the incorrect password-safety practice.

Explanation

A virus commonly spreads by attaching itself to a file or program, so I matches 2. A worm can copy itself across a network without needing to attach to a host file, so II matches 4. A Trojan horse pretends to be useful or harmless software, so III matches 3. Ransomware locks or encrypts files and demands payment, so IV matches 1. Therefore the correct matching is I-2, II-4, III-3 and IV-1.