sanskrit-karak-vibhakti-sa-l2 MCQ - Practice Questions with Answers

Ṛte ('without') is an upapada that fixes pañcamī, hence jñānāt ṛte na mokṣaḥ — 'without knowledge there is no liberation'. Its near-synonym vinā is more flexible and may take dvitīyā, tṛtīyā or pañcamī. A invents a caturthī rule, C wrongly uses saptamī, and B misassigns prathamā. Only D states the ṛte–pañcamī rule and the vinā contrast correctly.

The verb gṛhṇāti (takes) plus 'from where?' yields vṛkṣāt as the fixed point of separation — apādāna kāraka in pañcamī. The most common REET trap (B) reads the same noun as adhikaraṇa locus, but locus would require saptamī vṛkṣe. C misreads the tree as instrument; D confuses it with the object phalāni. The pañcamī form itself signals separation.

Verbs of motion towards a destination (gam-) place that destination in dvitīyā, so 'goes to the village' is grāmaṃ gacchati. B's pañcamī reverses direction ('from the village'), C's saptamī states static location, and A's caturthī wrongly makes the village a recipient. Only D applies the motion-towards dvitīyā rule.

Saha (together with) is an upapada that governs tṛtīyā for the accompanying noun, so 'with Rāma' is Rāmeṇa saha; the grammatical subject Lakṣmaṇaḥ stays in prathamā and controls the verb. A imports ṣaṣṭhī, C reads Rāma as a caturthī recipient, and D reads pañcamī separation — none respects the saha–tṛtīyā rule.

The verb is hanti (kills). Asking 'by what most effective means?' gives bāṇena, which is the karaṇa kāraka and takes tṛtīyā. The distractors fail by reading the instrument as the object (rāvaṇam is the real karma), as a point of separation, or as the agent (Rāmaḥ in prathamā). Verb-first relation reasoning resolves it cleanly.