sanskrit-upasarga-pratyaya-sa-l2 MCQ - Practice Questions with Answers

The pair kta — kṛta is the correctly matched one. The kṛt suffix kta forms the passive past participle, so kṛ + kta = kṛta, 'done'. The other pairs deliberately cross-wire suffixes with the wrong outputs: tumun makes the infinitive paṭhitum (not paṭhita), śatṛ makes a present participle while kartavya actually needs tavyat, and matup is a taddhita possessive while the agent noun kartṛ needs tṛc. Knowing which suffix yields which category defeats this match trap.

The derivation kṛ + ṇvul = kāraka is correct. To name the doer from a root, Sanskrit uses the kṛt agent suffixes ṇvul (giving -aka) or tṛc (giving -tṛ), so kṛ + ṇvul = kāraka, 'the doer' (kṛ + tṛc = kartṛ would also work). The other readings give real but different categories: anīyar yields the gerundive of obligation karaṇīya, kta yields the passive past participle kṛta, and tva yields a taddhita abstract noun — none of which names a person performing the action, the precise category trap.

The word dhanavat is the taddhita formation. The decisive test is the base: kṛt suffixes attach to a dhātu, taddhita suffixes attach to a prātipadika (noun stem). dhanavat comes from the noun dhana plus the possessive matup, so it is taddhita. gata (from gam + kta), kartum (from kṛ + tumun) and paṭhitvā (from paṭh + ktvā) all start from roots with kṛt suffixes. Reading only the ending is the kṛt–taddhita confusion trap; reading the base resolves it.

The derivation aja + ṭāp = ajā is correct. The two feminine builders are fixed: ṭāp adds long ā (aja becomes ajā) and ṅīp adds long ī (gaura becomes gaurī). The reading aja + ṭāp = ajī wrongly gives ṭāp a long ī, and gaura + ṅīp = gaurā wrongly gives ṅīp a long ā — both are the standard ṭāp–ṅīp swap distractor. The reading gaura + ṅīp = gaura leaves the stem untouched, doing no affix work at all. Only ajā pairs the right affix with its right vowel.

The pair tva and tal is correct. These abstract-noun taddhitas both attach to an adjective stem to express the quality itself, so laghu yields laghutva and laghutā, both meaning 'smallness'. The matup-and-in pair offers possessive suffixes ('having ...'), kta-and-ktavatu offers kṛt past participles for roots, and ṭāp-and-ṅīp offers strī-pratyayas for feminine stems — each is a real affix set but wrong for forming an abstract noun, the designed cross-category pull.