Religious Movements (Buddhism, Jainism, Ajivakas) MCQ — 157 Practice Questions with Answers

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct because Buddha's first sermon was at the Deer Park at Sarnath near Varanasi. Statement 2 is correct because Kanishka I convened the Fourth Buddhist Council at Kundalvana near Srinagar. Statement 3 is correct because the Second Jain Council was held at Vallabhi in 512 CE under Devardhigani Kshamasramana. Statement 4 is incorrect because the Jain Tri-Ratna consists of Right Faith, Right Knowledge and Right Conduct, not Right Livelihood.

Explanation

The Jataka Tales, part of the Sutta Pitaka's Khuddaka Nikaya, contain 547 stories of the Buddha's previous births. They provide valuable insights into the social, economic, and political life of ancient India.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct because the Third Buddhist Council is grounded as being held at Pataliputra in 250 BCE under Ashoka. Statement 2 is correct because the Abhidhamma Pitaka was compiled there, completing the Tripitaka. Statement 3 is incorrect because the Vaishali council addressed the Ten Points and declared practices such as accepting gold and silver invalid. Statement 4 is incorrect because Mahavira attained Kaivalya at Jrimbhikagrama on the Rijupalika river; Pavapuri is connected with his Moksha.

Explanation

The Fourth Buddhist Council was held at Kundalvana, Kashmir around 72 CE under Kanishka. Vasumitra presided with Ashvaghosha as vice-chairman. Buddhist texts were compiled in Sanskrit, and the formal split between Hinayana and Mahayana occurred.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct because the Third Buddhist Council was held at Pataliputra in 250 BCE under Ashoka and was presided over by Moggaliputta Tissa. Statement 2 is incorrect because the Second Buddhist Council declared the Ten Points invalid, and the rejection of that decision by Mahasanghika monks led to the first major schism. Statement 3 is correct because Buddha's first sermon at the Deer Park in Sarnath taught the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path to the five ascetics. Statement 4 is correct because the First Jain Council at Pataliputra was presided over by Sthulabhadra and compiled 12 Angas.