Mughal Period & Marathas MCQ

Question 1

Consider the following statements about Shivaji's Ashtapradhan: 1. The Peshwa functioned as the Prime Minister. 2. The Sachiv was responsible for correspondence and records. 3. The Amatya or Majumdar was the military commander. Which of the statements given above are correct?

Accepted Answer

Statement 1 is correct because the Peshwa was the Prime Minister in Shivaji's Ashtapradhan. Statement 2 is correct because the Sachiv handled royal correspondence, drafting letters and records. Statement 3 is incorrect because the Amatya or Majumdar handled finance; the military commander was the Senapati or Sari-Naubat.

Question 2

Consider the following statements about the Marathas and late Mughal context: 1. Shivaji's Ashta Pradhan was a council of eight ministers. 2. Chauth was one-fourth of revenue, while Sardeshmukhi was an additional one-tenth. 3. Guru Tegh Bahadur was executed in 1675 on the orders of Shah Jahan. 4. At his coronation at Raigad on 6 June 1674, Shivaji reportedly controlled about 240 forts and was crowned by Gaga Bhatt. Which of the statements given above are correct?

Accepted Answer

Statement 1 is correct because the Ashta Pradhan was Shivaji's eight-minister council. Statement 2 is correct because Chauth was 25 percent or one-fourth of revenue, while Sardeshmukhi was an additional 10 percent or one-tenth. Statement 3 is incorrect because Guru Tegh Bahadur was executed on Aurangzeb's orders, not Shah Jahan's. Statement 4 is correct because the fact bank links Shivaji's Raigad coronation on 6 June 1674 with about 240 forts and Gaga Bhatt.

Question 3

The Mughal system of 'Jharokha Darshan' was introduced by:

Accepted Answer

Akbar introduced the 'Jharokha Darshan' - the practice of the emperor appearing at a window (jharokha) of the palace each morning to show himself to the assembled people. This served both religious and political purposes, connecting the ruler with his subjects.

Question 4

Consider the following statements about Shivaji's warfare and administration:
1. Shivaji's guerrilla warfare tactics were suited to the mountainous terrain of the Western Ghats.
2. Sindhudurg, built by Shivaji in 1664-67, was the headquarters of the Maratha navy.
3. In Shivaji's Ashta Pradhan, the Peshwa handled finance while the Amatya was the prime minister.
4. Shivaji used sea power for trade as well as defence.
Which of the statements given above are correct?

Accepted Answer

Statements 1 and 2 are correct: the terrain of the Western Ghats helped Shivaji's guerrilla tactics, and Sindhudurg was linked to the Maratha navy. Statement 3 is incorrect because Peshwa was prime minister and Amatya handled finance. Statement 4 is correct: Britannica notes Shivaji's use of sea power for trade and defence.

Question 5

Ahilyabai Holkar ruled during which period as part of the Holkar dynasty of Indore?

Accepted Answer

Ahilyabai Holkar ruled 1767-1795, known for temple construction (Somnath to Varanasi) and progressive governance.

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