MCQ
Sandhi, Samas, Upsarg, Pratyay MCQ - Practice Questions with Answers
Solve 10 Sandhi, Samas, Upsarg, Pratyay questions for RAS/RPSC preparation.
Practice questions
Q1Match each sample compound in List I with its primary-level samas type in List II. List I: (1) माता-पिता (2) नीलकमल (3) राजपुत्र (4) चतुर्भुज. List II: (P) Bahuvrihi (third-thing meaning) (Q) Karmadharaya (adjective-noun) (R) Tatpurush (relation-holding) (S) Dwandwa (and-joining). Choose the correct match.
Use the simplest primary-level test for each. माता-पिता expands as 'माता और पिता' — dwandwa (S). नीलकमल expands as 'नील रंग का कमल' — adjective-noun, karmadharaya (Q). राजपुत्र expands as 'राजा का पुत्र' — relation-holding, tatpurush (R). चतुर्भुज means 'whose four arms there are', pointing to a third entity outside the words (Vishnu) — bahuvrihi (P). So 1-S, 2-Q, 3-R, 4-P is the row that fits the textbook list.
Q2Four sandhi splits are written on the board for primary-class recognition practice. Which one is INCORRECT?
Three splits are correctly written. रामायण = राम + अयन, सूर्योदय = सूर्य + उदय and विद्यालय = विद्या + आलय are all standard primary examples. The wrong split is हिमालय = हिम + अयन because the second part of हिमालय is आलय (meaning 'home'), not अयन. The correct split should be हिम + आलय. So the row that is incorrectly written is the one shown as हिमालय = हिम + अयन.
Q3Read these two statements about उपसर्ग for primary classes. Statement 1: An upsarg is a small unit added before a root word that changes or shades its meaning. Statement 2: 'अ' in अधर्म and 'प्र' in प्रयोग are both upsargs. Which combination is correct?
Statement 1 gives the standard primary-level definition: an upsarg sits in front of a root word and shifts its meaning. Statement 2 gives two valid examples that the syllabus expects learners to know — 'अ' is the negation upsarg in अधर्म (not-dharma) and 'प्र' is an intensity-shading upsarg in प्रयोग. Both statements line up, so the joint statement is correct.
Q4At the primary recognition level, the upsarg 'अ' typically gives a word what kind of meaning shift?
At Classes I to V the most common job of the upsarg 'अ' is negation — turning the meaning into 'not'. Standard primary examples are धर्म → अधर्म (not-dharma), न्याय → अन्याय (not-justice), and सत्य → असत्य (not-truth). Learners are expected to recognise this 'not' shift, not advanced grammatical labels. So 'अ' gives the opposite or 'not' meaning to the root word.
Q5Match the upsarg in List I with the example word in List II that uses it. List I: (1) अनु (2) अप (3) परि (4) उप. List II: (P) उपकार (Q) परिणाम (R) अनुशासन (S) अपमान. Choose the correct match.
Read each example by stripping the upsarg from the front. अनुशासन starts with अनु, अपमान starts with अप, परिणाम starts with परि, and उपकार starts with उप. So the matches are 1-अनु → R (अनुशासन), 2-अप → S (अपमान), 3-परि → Q (परिणाम), and 4-उप → P (उपकार). The option that lists this set is the row showing 1-R, 2-S, 3-Q, 4-P.
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More questions
6Two statements about a Class V samas exercise are listed. Statement 1: 'नीलकमल' is a karmadharaya samas because 'नील' describes 'कमल'. Statement 2: 'माता-पिता' is a tatpurush samas because the second word पिता is the only main word and माता is dropped in the expansion. Which combination is correct?
7A Class V learner is shown the compound word 'माता-पिता' and asked to identify its samas type at the recognition level. Which is the correct identification?
8A primary-class teacher writes the joining 'विद्या + आलय = विद्यालय' on the board to introduce sandhi. Which type of sandhi is this an example of?
9A primary-class teacher wants learners to recognise an upsarg in a new word. Arrange the four classroom steps in the right teaching order: (i) Ask the learner to read the full word aloud; (ii) Ask which small unit sits at the very front; (iii) Remove that front unit and check that the rest is itself a meaningful root word; (iv) Decide whether the front unit is one of the common 8 upsargs.
10Read the Assertion and Reason for primary-class pratyay teaching. Assertion (A): The 'पन' added to 'बच्चा' to form 'बचपन' is a pratyay, not an upsarg. Reason (R): A pratyay is a unit added after a root word, while an upsarg is a unit added before a root word.