MCQ
Hindi Grammar — Shabd Bhed MCQ - Practice Questions with Answers
Solve 9 Hindi Grammar — Shabd Bhed questions for RAS/RPSC preparation.
Practice questions
Q1Consider the following statements about क्रिया-विशेषण (adverb) at the primary level. (1) क्रिया-विशेषण describes a noun and tells about its colour, number, or size. (2) क्रिया-विशेषण describes a verb and tells how, when, where, or how much an action takes place. (3) Words like धीरे, यहाँ, कल, बहुत are common क्रिया-विशेषण in Classes I–V Hindi. Which of the statements are correct?
Statement 1 is wrong because describing a noun is the work of विशेषण (adjective), not क्रिया-विशेषण; क्रिया-विशेषण specifically modifies a verb. Statement 2 is correct: क्रिया-विशेषण tells how, when, where, or how much an action happens (manner, time, place, quantity). Statement 3 is also correct because धीरे (manner), यहाँ (place), कल (time), and बहुत (quantity) are the four classic primary-level क्रिया-विशेषण groups demonstrated in NCERT Rimjhim. Therefore only statements 2 and 3 are correct, and the answer is B.
Q2Which of the following is NOT a kaal (tense) in Hindi grammar at the Classes I–V level?
At the primary stage, Hindi grammar recognises three kaal: वर्तमान (present, action happening now), भूत (past, action already completed), and भविष्यत् (future, action yet to happen). कर्तृ-वाच्य is not a kaal at all — it belongs to the separate topic of वाच्य (voice), which classifies sentences by what is most prominent (the doer, the deed, or the feeling). Mixing वाच्य with काल is a common Classes I–V misconception that teachers correct by listing them on two separate charts in the classroom.
Q3In the common school-level Hindi grammar classification by use, how many main shabd-bhed (word classes) are counted when निपात is not counted separately?
In this common school-level classification, words are grouped into eight main classes by use: संज्ञा, सर्वनाम, विशेषण, क्रिया, क्रिया-विशेषण, संबंधबोधक, समुच्चयबोधक and विस्मयादिबोधक. The first four are विकारी because their forms can change, while the last four are अविकारी. Some books discuss निपात separately, so the stem explicitly asks for the count when निपात is not counted separately.
Q4Read the following Assertion (A) and Reason (R) about the कर्म-वाच्य sentence राम के द्वारा पुस्तक पढ़ी जाती है. Assertion (A): The verb form पढ़ी जाती है agrees in gender and number with पुस्तक, not with राम. Reason (R): In कर्म-वाच्य, the verb agrees with the कर्म of the sentence, while the doer usually appears with a postposition such as के द्वारा.
Both the assertion and the reason are true, and the reason properly explains the assertion. In कर्म-वाच्य, prominence shifts from the doer to the कर्म, so the verb agrees with the कर्म rather than with the doer. In राम के द्वारा पुस्तक पढ़ी जाती है, पुस्तक is feminine singular, and the verb form पढ़ी जाती है is also feminine singular. राम is the doer, but it appears with के द्वारा and does not control the verb agreement. Therefore A is true, R is true, and R explains A; option A is correct.
Q5Look at the following four sentences and decide how many of them are in भूत काल (past tense): (i) मीना ने कहानी सुनाई। (ii) बच्चे खेल रहे हैं। (iii) कल हम मेले गए थे। (iv) सूरज पूर्व में निकलेगा।
Sentence (i) मीना ने कहानी सुनाई — सुनाई is a completed past form (सामान्य भूत), so this is past tense. Sentence (ii) बच्चे खेल रहे हैं — खेल रहे हैं is a continuous present form (वर्तमान काल), not past. Sentence (iii) कल हम मेले गए थे — गए थे is a remote past form (पूर्ण भूत), so this is past tense. Sentence (iv) सूरज पूर्व में निकलेगा — निकलेगा is a future form (भविष्यत् काल), not past. Thus exactly two sentences (i and iii) are in भूत काल, and the answer is B.
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More questions
6Read the following two statements about वाच्य परिवर्तन (voice change) at the primary level. Statement 1: When a कर्तृ-वाच्य sentence is changed to कर्म-वाच्य, the doer takes the form with के द्वारा and the verb agrees with the कर्म (object). Statement 2: कर्तृ-वाच्य and कर्म-वाच्य mean exactly the same thing and are interchangeable without any change in form. Which of these statements is correct?
7How many types of वाच्य (voice) are recognised in standard Hindi grammar taught at the Classes I–V level?
8Match each target word with its correct shabd-bhed (word class). Word P: मैं in "मैं स्कूल जाता हूँ." Word Q: सुंदर in "सुंदर फूल खिला है." Word R: धीरे-धीरे in "बच्चे धीरे-धीरे चल रहे हैं." Word S: अरे in "अरे, यह तो बहुत बड़ा है!"
9In the sentence राम पुस्तक पढ़ता है, identify the word that names a thing (a noun, संज्ञा).