Published: 20 October 2025UNDPGeneral
Global MPI 2025: India Lifted 414 Million from Poverty; 99% Poor in Climate-Vulnerable Zones
The UNDP and Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) released the Global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) 2025 titled 'Overlapping Hardships: Poverty and Climate Hazards'. Globally, 1.1 billion people (18.3%) live in acute multidimensional poverty across 109 countries. Children represent 51% of the multidimensionally poor.
India achieved a remarkable decline in multidimensional poverty from 55.1% (2005-06) to 16.4% (2019-21), lifting over 414 million people from deprivation — one of the fastest reductions globally. However, nearly 99% of India's poor live in climate-vulnerable regions exposed to heatwaves, floods, and air pollution. India's success reflects targeted welfare schemes like PM-Awas Yojana, Swachh Bharat Mission, Ujjwala, and Jal Jeevan Mission.
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Q: Global Multidimensional Poverty Index 2025 highlights India's poverty reduction alongside climate vulnerability. Examine the findings and welfare-policy implications for climate-exposed regions.
Answer (50 words):
The UNDP-OPHI Global MPI 2025 titled 'Overlapping Hardships' reported that India's multidimensional poverty fell from 55.1 percent in 2005-06 to 16.4 percent in 2019-21, lifting over 41.4 crore people. Globally, 1.1 billion live poor across 109 countries. Yet 99 percent of India's poor face heatwaves, floods and air pollution.
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According to the Global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) 2025, India's multidimensional poverty rate declined from 55.1% to approximately what level between 2005-06 and 2019-21?
Explanation · Correct answer BIndia achieved a remarkable decline in multidimensional poverty from 55.1% (2005-06) to 16.4% (2019-21), lifting over 414 million people from deprivation. However, nearly 99% of India's poor live in climate-vulnerable zones. The MPI 2025 was jointly released by UNDP and OPHI.
Frequently asked questions
How many people did India lift out of poverty according to Global MPI 2025?
According to the **Global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) 2025**, India lifted **414 million people out of poverty** in 15 years (2005-06 to 2019-21), one of the largest poverty reduction achievements in history.
What percentage of India's poor live in climate-vulnerable zones per Global MPI 2025?
The **Global MPI 2025** found that **99% of India's poor** live in **climate-vulnerable zones**, highlighting the intersection of poverty and climate change vulnerability as a major development challenge.
What is the Global MPI and who publishes it?
The **Global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI)** is published annually by the **UNDP and Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI)**. It measures poverty across 10 indicators in health, education, and living standards.
What does India's 414 million poverty reduction achievement mean globally?
India's reduction of **414 million people from poverty** between 2005-06 and 2019-21 is cited as one of the **fastest and largest poverty reduction achievements** globally, driven by programs like PM-KISAN, PMAY, and Ujjwala Yojana.
What is the climate-poverty nexus highlighted in Global MPI 2025 for India?
Global MPI 2025 highlights that **99% of India's remaining poor live in climate-vulnerable regions**, meaning climate change directly threatens poverty reduction gains, requiring **climate-resilient development** policies.
