Practice 482 Environmental & Ecological Changes multiple-choice questions with detailed answers and explanations. Ideal for RAS/RPSC exam preparation.
Q1. Acid rain is primarily caused by emissions of:
Explanation
Acid rain is caused primarily by emissions of sulphur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) which react with water vapor to form sulphuric acid and nitric acid. These are mainly from fossil fuel combustion and industrial processes.
Q2. The Forest Conservation Act was enacted in:
Explanation
The Forest Conservation Act was enacted in 1980 to restrict the diversion of forest land for non-forest purposes. It was amended in 1988 and later through the Forest Conservation Amendment Act 2023.
Q3. The Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer was adopted in:
Explanation
The Vienna Convention was adopted on 22 March 1985 as a framework for international efforts to protect the ozone layer. The Montreal Protocol (1987) was a specific protocol under this convention with binding targets.
Q4. The term 'ecological footprint' measures:
Explanation
Ecological footprint, developed by Mathis Wackernagel and William Rees, measures how much biologically productive land/water area a population needs to produce resources and absorb waste with prevailing technology.
Q5. Blue hydrogen differs from grey hydrogen in that:
Explanation
Blue hydrogen is produced from natural gas (like grey hydrogen) but with carbon capture, utilisation, and storage (CCUS) technology to reduce CO2 emissions.
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Q6. The royalty rate rationalization is significant for India's commitment to achieve Net Zero by which year?
Q7. The ozone hole is most prominent over:
Q8. Which of the following is a method of carbon sequestration?
Q9. According to FAO SOFA 2025, what percentage of global cropland shows declining productivity?
Q10. The Basel Convention deals with:
Q11. Biomagnification differs from bioaccumulation in that biomagnification involves:
Q12. The National Clean Energy Fund (NCEF) in India was created by imposing a cess on:
Q13. The SHP scheme targets approximately how much additional power capacity?
Q14. The Stockholm Convention (2001) deals with:
Q15. By how much do CSIR-NEERI green crackers reduce PM2.5 emissions compared to conventional ones?
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