MCQ
Percentage MCQ - Practice Questions with Answers
Solve 12 Percentage questions for RAS/RPSC preparation.
Practice questions
Q1Successive revisions alter a listed catalogue price: an increase of 30% followed by a decrease of 20%. What is the overall percentage change in the catalogue price?
For successive changes of a% and b%, the net percentage change is a + b + ab/100. Here a = 30 and b = −20, so net = 30 − 20 + (30)(−20)/100 = 10 − 6 = 4. Equivalently, the multipliers give 1.30 × 0.80 = 1.04, which is a 4% increase over the original catalogue price.
Q2The listed rate of a commodity is increased by r% and later reduced by the same r%. The net effect is a 4% loss on the original rate. The value of r is
After +r% and −r% the surviving factor is (1 + r/100)(1 − r/100) = 1 − (r/100)². A 4% net loss means this equals 0.96, so (r/100)² = 0.04 and r/100 = 0.2. Hence r = 20. Checking: 20 − 20 − (20 × 20)/100 = −4, confirming a 4% loss.
Q3A copper kettle tagged at ₹640 is first marked up by 15% and then sold after a 20% cut on the marked-up price. How much does the buyer pay?
Successive factors multiply: final price = 640 × (1 + 15/100) × (1 − 20/100) = 640 × 1.15 × 0.8. First 640 × 1.15 = 736, then 736 × 0.8 = 588.80. Equivalently the net multiplier is 1 − 0.08 = 0.92 because 15 − 20 − (15 × 20)/100 = −8, so 640 × 0.92 = ₹588.80.
Q4Syrup in a storage vat first loses 15% of its volume to evaporation and is then topped up by adding liquid equal to 20% of the reduced volume. If 40.8 litres remain after both changes, how many litres were present initially?
Let the initial volume be V litres. Then V × 0.85 × 1.20 = 40.8. Since 0.85 × 1.20 = 1.02, we have 1.02V = 40.8, so V = 40.8 / 1.02 = 40. The net effect is a 2% rise (−15 + 20 − 3), which likewise maps 40 litres to 40.8 litres.
Q5A cylindrical chemical drum contains 80 litres. The fill is increased by 40% and subsequently decreased by 25%. By how many litres does the final quantity exceed the initial 80 litres?
After a 40% increase the volume is 80 × 1.40 = 112 litres. A subsequent 25% decrease yields 112 × 0.75 = 84 litres. The final quantity therefore exceeds the initial 80 litres by 4 litres. Using the net-change formula: 40 + (−25) + (40)(−25)/100 = 5%, and 5% of 80 is 4 litres.
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More questions
6A measured reading is raised successively by 50% and then by 20%, after which it is brought down by 40% of the latest value. Compared with the first reading, the final reading shows a net
7A hill town counted 25,000 residents at the start of a two-year span. Numbers rose by 8% in the first year and fell by 5% in the second. What was the population at the end of the second year?
8A workshop begins a quarter with 2,400 workers. Headcount is cut by 10% and later expanded by 15% of the reduced strength. What is the final number of workers?
9Hourly output of a bottling unit climbs by 12% and then slips by 12% from the new level. Relative to the original output, the final output is lower by
10A trekker walks 40% farther on day 2 than on day 1, then covers 25% less on day 3 than on day 2. Day-3 distance is what percent of day-1 distance?
11A positive quantity is first reduced by 20% and then enlarged by 25% of the reduced amount. The net percentage change relative to the starting value is
12An officer's monthly pay is raised by 10% and, after the revision, raised again by another 10%. The overall percentage increase in pay is