MCQ
Karak and Vachya MCQ - Practice Questions with Answers
Solve 6 Karak and Vachya questions for RAS/RPSC preparation.
Practice questions
Q1Read the assertion (A) and reason (R) about karan karak. Assertion (A): In the primary Sanskrit sentence बालकः लेखन्या लिखति, the word लेखन्या is in karan karak because it names the instrument used to perform the writing action. Reason (R): In primary recognition-level teaching, karan karak is taught only with feminine instrumental forms ending in -या; teachers do not introduce masculine or neuter instrumental forms at Class III-V at all. Choose the correct option.
Assertion is true: लेखन्या is the instrumental singular form of लेखनी, an instrument for writing, so it names the means used in the action लिखति. Reason is false because karan karak or instrumental case is not restricted to feminine -या forms; masculine and neuter instrumental forms also exist. Confining karan to only feminine forms is therefore grammatically wrong.
Q2Match each karak in List I with the basic vibhakti marker introduced at primary level in List II. List I: P. कर्ता Q. कर्म R. करण S. अधिकरण. List II: 1. सप्तमी (-e ending for place) 2. प्रथमा (-ः visarga for the doer) 3. तृतीया (-ena for the instrument) 4. द्वितीया (-m or anusvara for the object).
Karta is marked by prathama with visarga -ः on the doer (P-2). Karma is marked by dvitiya with -m or anusvara on the object (Q-4). Karan is marked by tritiya with -ena for the instrument (R-3). Adhikaran is marked by saptami with -e for the place (S-1). So the correct mapping is P-2, Q-4, R-3, S-1.
Q3Read the assertion (A) and reason (R) about apadan karak. Assertion (A): In the sentence बालकः वृक्षात् पतति, the word वृक्षात् is in apadan karak because it shows the point of separation from which the boy falls. Reason (R): Apadan karak is marked by panchami vibhakti, which uses the ending -तः or -आत् in primary masculine singular nouns to denote the source of separation. Choose the correct option.
Both statements are true. वृक्षात् denotes the source of separation in the falling action, so it is apadan. Reason states the morphological rule: panchami vibhakti with -तः or -आत् marks apadan in primary masculine singular nouns. R causally explains A because the panchami marker is exactly what tells the learner that वृक्षात् is apadan and not some other karak. Hence R explains A.
Q4In the primary Sanskrit sentence रामः वनं गच्छति, which word is in karta karak (nominative case)?
The visarga ending -ः on रामः marks prathama vibhakti (nominative singular), which carries karta karak. Karta is the doer of the action; here Rama performs the act of going, so रामः is the karta.
Q5Which of the following statements about karak and vibhakti at the primary Sanskrit stage is INCORRECT?
Option C is incorrect: in Sanskrit, karak applies only to nouns and pronouns, not to verbs or adjectives. Verb forms such as गच्छति and पठति take person, number, and tense — they do not take karak labels. Options A, B, and D are accurate primary-level descriptions of sambandha, sampradan, and karta karak respectively.
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6In the primary Sanskrit sentence बालकः गृहे पठति, identify the karak of the word गृहे.