The UN Environment Programme released the Adaptation Gap Report 2025 titled 'Running on Empty', warning that developing nations require $310-365 billion annually for climate adaptation by 2035, but currently receive only $26 billion — creating a 12-14 times shortfall. Adaptation finance actually declined from $28 billion in 2022.

The report warns it is unlikely to meet Glasgow Climate Pact targets at current funding levels. India has committed to achieving net-zero carbon emissions by 2070 and is one of the largest recipients of climate finance through Green Climate Fund and bilateral channels. Rajasthan is particularly vulnerable due to desertification, water scarcity, and heat waves; the state's adaptation plan covers drought-proofing, water harvesting, and renewable energy deployment.