On April 16, 2026, the Union Government introduced the Constitution (One Hundred and Thirty-First Amendment) Bill, 2026 in the Lok Sabha on the opening day of a three-day special sitting of the extended Budget session. The Bill, piloted by the Ministry of Law and Justice, seeks to amend Articles 81 and 82 of the Constitution and increase the maximum strength of the Lok Sabha from 550 to 850 members, with up to 815 seats from the States and up to 35 from the Union Territories. The amendment also seeks to delink the operationalisation of the Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam, 2023, which reserves one-third of seats for women in the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies, from the post-2027 census delimitation by allowing immediate implementation based on the 2011 Census. Prime Minister Narendra Modi addressed the Lok Sabha and described the moment as a defining one for democratic representation, assuring members that the proposed delimitation would not discriminate against any State and that the existing inter-State ratio of seats would be protected. The companion Delimitation Bill, 2026 and the Union Territories Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2026 were introduced alongside. The 131st Amendment Bill required a two-thirds majority of members present and voting under Article 368 and was put to vote on April 17, 2026, where it failed to secure the required threshold and was negatived. The Government subsequently withdrew the linked Bills.