PRS Legislative Research, an independent research institution that analyses parliamentary legislation, is tracking three significant Bills introduced in the Lok Sabha on 16 April 2026: the Constitution (131st Amendment) Bill, 2026, the Union Territories Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2026, and the Delimitation Bill, 2026. Together, these Bills seek to increase the size of the Lok Sabha, enable delimitation based on the 2011 census, and enable reservation for women to be based on this delimitation. Delimitation is the process of redrawing the boundaries of parliamentary and assembly constituencies to reflect changes in population. Under the Constitution, the allocation of Lok Sabha seats to states has been frozen on the basis of the 1971 census until the first census after 2026, to encourage population control measures. The new legislative package addresses how the next round of delimitation will be conducted and how the constitutionally mandated reservation of seats for women, introduced through the 106th Constitutional Amendment, will be operationalised after delimitation. PRS provides detailed analytical reports and one-page summaries highlighting the main features of these Bills, making the legislative process more transparent and accessible to Members of Parliament and the public. The Bills carry major implications for federalism, the balance of representation between states with different population growth rates, and the timeline for implementing women's reservation in legislatures. The legislative scrutiny of these Bills, including committee examination, will shape the future structure of India's representative democracy.