The Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) and Down to Earth magazine released the Climate India 2025 report on November 19, 2025, revealing alarming data about the escalating frequency and intensity of extreme weather events across India. The report found that extreme weather events occurred on 99% of days in the first nine months of 2025, underlining how climate change has transformed India's weather patterns.
Among the most significant findings, September 2025 recorded India's seventh-highest mean temperature for the month, indicating a persistent warming trend. The report documented a simultaneous and unprecedented combination of heatwaves, floods, and droughts across different parts of the country — a hallmark of the climate crisis.
Key findings include: heat-related deaths reaching record levels; devastating monsoon floods causing large-scale displacement in Assam, Bihar, and Rajasthan; drought conditions in parts of Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Telangana; and unseasonal rainfall disrupting agricultural cycles.
The CSE report is critical for the RAS examination as it provides data-backed analysis on environmental risks to India's agriculture, public health, water security, and economy. For Rajasthan specifically, extreme heat, erratic monsoon patterns, and flash floods have become increasingly common, putting pressure on the state's water resources, crops, and rural livelihoods.
The report calls for urgent climate adaptation strategies including improved early warning systems, heat action plans, urban heat island mitigation, and climate-resilient agricultural practices. India's Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement and domestic climate policies are the frameworks for response.