Published: 26 January 2026Economy
NITI Aayog Report Warns: India's End-of-Life Vehicles Could Double to 50 Million by 2030
NITI Aayog launched its report on January 22, 2026 at the MRAI International Material Recycling Conference in Jaipur; PIB reported on January 27 that India's end-of-life vehicle (ELV) stock could rise from 23 million in 2025 to 50 million by 2030. Currently only 156 of the required 500 Automated Testing Stations (ATS) are operational, and the informal sector dominates ELV handling with formal facilities managing just 72,000 vehicles in FY 2024-25.
Key recommendations include rapid expansion of ATS infrastructure, formalisation of the recycling sector, digital tracking of scrappage certificates, tax incentives for vehicle owners who scrap old vehicles, and mandatory use of recycled materials in new vehicle production. The report aligns with the Vehicle Scrappage Policy launched in 2021 and emphasises the circular economy approach for the automobile sector.
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Frequently asked questions
What did NITI Aayog's report warn about India's end-of-life vehicles?
**NITI Aayog's report** warned that **India's end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) could double to 50 million** — creating a massive challenge for vehicle scrapping, recycling, and environmental management. **ELVs** are vehicles beyond their useful life (15 years for passenger vehicles, 20 years for commercial under India's vehicle scrapping policy). The doubling projection reflects India's large vehicle fleet — **300+ million registered vehicles** — and the wave of vehicles reaching end-of-life from the 2000s-era boom.
What is India's Vehicle Scrappage Policy and how does it address end-of-life vehicles?
India's **Vehicle Scrappage Policy (2021)** mandates **fitness and roadworthiness testing** for vehicles and creates incentives to scrap old ones: (1) **Scrapping incentive of 8-25%** discount on new vehicle purchase from dealers; (2) **Registration fee waiver** for new vehicles replacing scrapped ones; (3) **Green tax** on old vehicles to discourage use; (4) **National Vehicle Scrappage Infrastructure** — Registered Vehicle Scrapping Facilities (RVSFs) across India; and (5) **15-year** validity for personal vehicles, **20-year** for commercial in unorganized sector.
What environmental and economic opportunities does India's ELV sector present?
India's **ELV sector** presents significant opportunities: (1) **Critical material recovery** — each car contains 900+ kg steel, 50+ kg aluminum, copper, lithium (from EVs), platinum group metals (from catalytic converters); (2) **Circular economy** contribution — recovered materials reduce import dependency for steel/aluminum; (3) **Job creation** — organized vehicle scrapping can employ 300,000+ workers; (4) **Pollution reduction** — old vehicles emit 10-40x more pollutants than new ones; and (5) **EV battery recycling** — with India's EV push, organized ELV infrastructure is essential for lithium recovery.
What are Registered Vehicle Scrapping Facilities (RVSFs) and how many are operational in India?
**Registered Vehicle Scrapping Facilities (RVSFs)** are government-authorized facilities that legally dismantle end-of-life vehicles, recover valuable materials, and dispose of hazardous waste safely. They are registered with the **Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH)**. India aims to establish **450+ RVSFs** across the country to handle the projected ELV wave. **Maha Mumbai Vehicle Scrapping and Recycling Cluster (MMVSRC)**, **CERO (Maruti Suzuki's scrapping venture)**, and **Metal Scrap Trade Corporation (MSTC)** are early movers.
How does vehicle scrappage relate to India's transition to electric vehicles?
Vehicle scrappage and **electric vehicle (EV) transition** are closely linked: (1) Scrapping old polluting vehicles **reduces total emissions** immediately; (2) **Scrapping certificates provide discounts** on new EV purchases, incentivizing transition; (3) **EV battery materials recovery** (lithium, cobalt, nickel) from end-of-life EVs is essential for India's **circular EV economy**; (4) **FAME India scheme** (Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Electric Vehicles) and **PM E-DRIVE scheme** use scrapping incentives to accelerate EV adoption; India targets **30% EV market share by 2030**.
