Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched the PM-SETU (Pradhan Mantri Skilling and Employability Transformation through Upgraded ITIs) scheme on October 4, 2025, with a total project cost of ₹60,000 crore spanning 2025-2028. The scheme aims to transform 1,000 government ITIs using a Hub-and-Spoke model.

The structure comprises 200 Hub ITIs with advanced facilities and 800 Spoke ITIs connected to them (4 Spoke per Hub), each cluster anchored by an industry partner from organizations like CII and FICCI. Five National Skill Training Institutes (NSTIs) in Bhubaneswar, Chennai, Hyderabad, Kanpur, and Ludhiana will be upgraded. The Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) is the nodal agency. Between 2014 and 2025, the number of ITIs increased from around 9,977 to over 14,682.