India submitted its first national report on the implementation of the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS). The Nagoya Protocol, adopted in 2010 under the Convention on Biological Diversity, provides a transparent legal framework for fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources. India enacted the Biological Diversity Act, 2002, with amendments in 2023, and has established the National Biodiversity Authority (NBA) as its competent national authority. The report covers India's regulatory mechanisms for prior informed consent, mutually agreed terms, and benefit-sharing with local communities, including traditional knowledge holders in biodiversity-rich states.