India announced its strategic critical minerals diplomacy initiative on January 17, 2026, with ₹34,300 crore allocated through 2031 under the National Critical Mineral Mission. India is 100% import-dependent for 10 critical minerals including lithium, cobalt, nickel, vanadium, niobium, germanium, rhenium, beryllium, tantalum and strontium. It is the 2nd largest aluminium producer and 4th largest iron ore producer globally.

The Geological Survey of India has undertaken 368 critical mineral exploration projects in the past three years. India has signed partnerships with Argentina, Australia and Chile through KABIL-related initiatives (Khanij Bidesh India Limited). Rajasthan holds significant reserves of fluorite, wollastonite, and lead-zinc, with Hindustan Zinc in Rajsamand being a major producer of zinc, lead, and silver — minerals critical for the clean energy transition.