Published: 24 February 2026Environment
India-Nepal Sign MoU on Environmental Cooperation; Focus on Transboundary Conservation
India's Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change and Nepal's Ministry of Forests and Environment signed a Memorandum of Understanding on February 25, 2026 to deepen bilateral cooperation in environmental protection and conservation.
The MoU covers transboundary wildlife conservation (including tigers and rhinos in the Terai Arc), joint air quality monitoring along the border, climate change adaptation in the Himalayan region, and waste management technology sharing. India and Nepal share over 1,850 km of open border with several contiguous protected areas including Dudhwa-Bardia and Chitwan-Valmiki tiger reserves.
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Frequently asked questions
What MoU did India and Nepal sign on environmental cooperation in February 2026?
India's **Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change** and Nepal's **Ministry of Forests and Environment** signed an **MoU on February 25, 2026** to deepen bilateral cooperation in **environmental protection and conservation**, covering transboundary wildlife, air quality, and climate change.
What is the Terai Arc and its significance for India-Nepal wildlife conservation?
The **Terai Arc Landscape** is a 49,000 sq km transboundary ecosystem stretching across the lowland forests of **Nepal and northern India (Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand)**. It is a critical habitat for **tigers, rhinos, elephants, and snow leopards**, and the India-Nepal MoU covers joint conservation in this region.
What are the key areas covered under the India-Nepal Environmental MoU 2026?
The MoU covers: **transboundary wildlife conservation** (tigers and rhinos in the Terai Arc); **joint air quality monitoring** along the Indo-Nepal border; **climate change adaptation**; and **information sharing** on environmental data and research.
How does India-Nepal air quality monitoring cooperation work?
The India-Nepal MoU establishes **joint air quality monitoring stations** along the border to track transboundary air pollution — important as Indo-Gangetic Plain pollution affects both countries. Joint data sharing helps both nations make evidence-based policies on pollution control.
Why is transboundary wildlife conservation between India and Nepal significant?
India and Nepal share continuous forest corridors for species like **tigers, rhinos, elephants, and gharials**. The Terai Arc connects **Corbett, Dudhwa, and Chitwan** national parks. Joint conservation prevents poaching, maintains wildlife corridors, and supports India's **Project Tiger** and **Project Elephant** goals.
