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Part-II Graduation Standard: MCQ - Practice Questions with Answers

Solve 399 Part-II Graduation Standard: questions for RAS/RPSC preparation.

Practice questions

Q1Parthenocarpy in a flowering plant refers to the development of

A endosperm from the primary endosperm nucleus before embryo formation
B embryo from a fertilized egg followed by normal seed maturation
C multiple embryos from nucellar and zygotic tissues within one seed
D fruit from the ovary without fertilization, commonly resulting in seedlessness
Explanation

Parthenocarpy is fruit development without fertilization. Because fertilization and seed formation are bypassed, parthenocarpic fruits are generally seedless; this trait may occur naturally or be induced by growth regulators.

Q2Which feature combination best separates Annelida from Nematoda in a class-level taxonomy question?

A True metameric segmentation with a coelomate body plan
B Pentaradial adult body with tube feet
C Cellular level of organisation with choanocytes
D Unsegmented cylindrical body with pseudocoelom
Explanation

Annelids are the segmented worms; their body shows true metamerism and a coelomate plan. Nematodes may look worm-like, but they are unsegmented and pseudocoelomate. This contrast is a common trap because both groups include elongated worm forms but belong to different structural grades.

Q3Which environmental condition will generally increase the rate of transpiration, provided stomata remain open?

A Waterlogged soil with oxygen deficiency
B Closure of stomata by water stress
C Brighter light that favours stomatal opening
D Very high relative humidity around the leaf
Explanation

The rate of transpiration depends strongly on the vapour gradient and stomatal aperture. Light tends to open stomata for photosynthetic gas exchange, so water vapour escapes faster than in darkness, while high humidity and stomatal closure have the opposite effect.

Q4Which set of characters will most reliably identify Asteraceae in a floral diagram-based question?

A Papilionaceous corolla, marginal placentation and legume fruit
B Head inflorescence with involucral bracts, syngenesious anthers and cypsela fruit
C Monadelphous staminal tube, epicalyx and twisted corolla
D Cyathium, milky latex and tricoccous schizocarp
Explanation

Asteraceae is also called Compositae because many small florets are packed into a capitulum or head, commonly surrounded by involucral bracts. The androecium is syngenesious, and the fruit is a cypsela, often associated with a pappus. These features separate it sharply from Fabaceae, Malvaceae and Euphorbiaceae.

Q5The ancient Indian mastery of zinc production is best identified by which technological feature?

A Electrolytic refining of molten zinc chloride
B Cryogenic separation of zinc isotopes
C Reduction-distillation in retorts to condense volatile zinc vapour as metal
D Fractional distillation of petroleum into fuels
Explanation

Zinc is difficult to obtain as a metal because it vaporizes at furnace temperatures and can reoxidize. Indian zinc metallurgy is noted for using reduction-distillation arrangements with retorts and condensers, a practical chemical solution that distinguishes it from unrelated modern electrolysis or petroleum processes.

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More questions

6During DNA replication, why is an RNA primer required before DNA polymerase can extend a new strand?

ADNA polymerase requires a pre-existing free 3'-OH group for nucleotide addition.
BThe primer permanently replaces thymine with uracil in the final DNA molecule.
CDNA polymerase can synthesize DNA only in the 3' to 5' direction.
DThe primer prevents unwinding of the parental DNA strands.

7In the classification of medicines, which statement best describes antihistamines?

AThey reduce pain without affecting consciousness.
BThey block the action of histamine at its receptors.
CThey lower surface tension during washing.
DThey kill microorganisms by rupturing bacterial cell walls.

8For a uniformly charged solid sphere of radius R and total charge Q, the electric potential is taken zero at infinity. What is the potential at a point r < R?

AQ/(4 pi epsilon0 r)
BQ(3R2 - r2)/(8 pi epsilon0 R3)
CQ r/(4 pi epsilon0 R2)
DQ(R2 - r2)/(8 pi epsilon0 R3)

9A root transverse section has many xylem bundles, a conspicuous pith, and no evidence of cambial activity or secondary tissues. Which conclusion is most defensible?

AIt is a dicot stem, because stems always have radial vascular bundles and no pith when young.
BIt is a monocot root, because polyarch xylem with a large pith and absence of normal secondary growth fit monocot-root anatomy.
CIt is a dicot root before secondary growth, because dicot roots are typically polyarch and retain a very large pith.
DIt is a monocot stem, because monocot stems have radial vascular bundles arranged around a central pith.

10A cobalt(III) ammine chloride compound of empirical composition CoCl3.5NH3 gives two moles of AgCl per mole of compound with excess AgNO3. Which Werner formula is consistent with this observation?

A[Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2
B[Co(NH3)4Cl2]Cl.NH3
C[Co(NH3)5]Cl3
D[Co(NH3)3Cl3].2NH3

11In Drosophila, which genotype is expected to follow the female developmental pathway on the basis of the X-to-autosome ratio?

AXXY with two sets of autosomes
BXXY with three sets of autosomes
CXXY with four sets of autosomes
DXYY with two sets of autosomes

12In many phosphoryl-transfer enzymes, the biologically active substrate is better represented as Mg-ATP rather than free ATP. Which role of Mg2+ best explains this requirement?

AIt converts ATP into a heme-like porphyrin complex before enzyme binding.
BIt oxidizes ATP to ADP by accepting an electron from the adenine ring.
CIt coordinates phosphate oxygens of ATP and helps neutralize negative charge during phosphoryl transfer.
DIt replaces the ribose sugar of ATP to form a metal nucleotide backbone.

13Which sequence arranges the given polymers in increasing strength of intermolecular forces, using the usual exam-level classification of elastomer, thermoplastic, and fibre?

ABuna-S < Nylon 6,6 < polythene
BNylon 6,6 < polythene < Buna-S
CPolythene < Nylon 6,6 < Buna-S
DBuna-S < polythene < Nylon 6,6

14Which statement is correct about the reproductive condition of an earthworm?

AIt is dioecious, with male and female organs always present in separate individuals
BIt reproduces only by budding from the body wall
CIt produces gametes only in a medusa stage
DIt is hermaphroditic, but cross-fertilisation commonly occurs between two individuals

15A parallel-plate capacitor is charged by a battery to V and then disconnected. A dielectric slab of relative permittivity K fully fills the gap. Which pair correctly describes the final potential difference and stored energy?

APotential K V; energy K U0
BPotential V; energy K U0
CPotential V/K; energy K U0
DPotential V/K; energy U0/K

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