Published: 26 December 2025PIB / Ministry of CommerceEconomy
India-Oman CEPA Signed December 18, 2025: Second Gulf Free Trade Pact Opens Zero-Duty Access to Oman Market
India and Oman signed the Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) on December 18, 2025, marking a significant milestone in India's Gulf trade diplomacy. The agreement is India's second CEPA with a Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) member state, after the UAE-India CEPA signed in February 2022.
Under the agreement, Oman will extend zero import duty on 98.08% of its tariff lines, giving Indian exporters near-complete duty-free access to the Omani market across goods. This covers a wide range of Indian exports including textiles, engineering goods, pharmaceuticals, jewellery, and agricultural products. In return, India has offered concessions on a range of Omani products including petrochemicals, mineral resources, and select industrial goods.
The CEPA also covers trade in services — including IT/ITES, healthcare, financial services, and professional services — as well as bilateral investment. The bilateral trade between India and Oman stood at approximately $10.6 billion in FY2024-25, and the CEPA is expected to significantly expand this figure over the next decade.
Strategically, the agreement strengthens India's economic footprint in the Gulf region, which is home to approximately 8.9 million Indian diaspora — the largest Indian expatriate community globally. The Gulf remains a critical corridor for India's oil imports and remittances, with the UAE-India CEPA already showing early results in boosting bilateral trade post-2022.
The India-Oman CEPA is also aligned with India's broader trade strategy of concluding bilateral agreements with key partners ahead of a potential comprehensive GCC-India FTA, which has been under negotiation for over a decade.
0Mains angle
Q: Evaluate the significance of the India-Oman CEPA signed on December 18, 2025, as India's second Gulf free trade agreement and its impact on bilateral trade.
Answer (50 words):
The India-Oman CEPA, India's second Gulf trade pact after the 2022 UAE agreement, grants zero duty on 98.08% of Oman's tariff lines covering textiles, pharmaceuticals, and engineering goods. Bilateral trade stood at $10.6 billion in FY2024-25. The pact also covers services and investment, strengthening India's presence among 8.9 million Gulf diaspora.
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Frequently asked questions
What is the India-Oman CEPA and when was it signed?
The India-Oman CEPA (Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement) is a bilateral free trade agreement covering goods, services, and investment. It was signed on December 18, 2025, and is India's second CEPA with a Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) member state, after the UAE-India CEPA of February 2022.
What percentage of Oman's tariff lines will be zero-duty under the CEPA?
Under the India-Oman CEPA, Oman will extend zero import duty on 98.08% of its tariff lines, giving Indian exporters near-complete duty-free access to the Omani market across a wide range of goods including textiles, pharmaceuticals, engineering goods, and agricultural products.
What was the bilateral trade between India and Oman in FY2024-25?
The bilateral trade between India and Oman stood at approximately $10.6 billion in FY2024-25. The CEPA is expected to significantly expand this figure over the next decade by removing tariff barriers and facilitating trade in goods and services.
How does the India-Oman CEPA fit into India's broader Gulf trade strategy?
The India-Oman CEPA is part of India's strategy to strengthen economic ties with GCC member states individually, ahead of a potential comprehensive GCC-India FTA (under negotiation for over a decade). India has approximately 8.9 million diaspora in the Gulf, and the region is critical for oil imports and remittances.
Which sectors are covered under the services chapter of the India-Oman CEPA?
The services chapter of the India-Oman CEPA covers IT/ITES, healthcare, financial services, and professional services, in addition to provisions for bilateral investment facilitation.