In a landmark moment for India's space privatisation journey, ISRO's PSLV-N1 became the country's first Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle built entirely by an industry consortium — comprising Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) and Larsen & Toubro (L&T). The mission, carried out in February 2026, marked a pivotal shift from ISRO assembling rockets in-house to handing over production to private-sector partners. The primary payload was EOS-10 (also referred to as Oceansat-3A), an earth observation satellite designed to enhance India's oceanographic monitoring capabilities. A secondary payload was an India-Mauritius Joint Satellite, deepening bilateral space cooperation. PSLV-N1 is part of ISRO's broader strategy to transfer routine launch vehicle production to industry, freeing ISRO scientists to focus on advanced missions like Gaganyaan and Chandrayaan-4. This model mirrors global trends — similar to how SpaceX's commercial launches work alongside NASA in the US. For India, this is a critical step in building a self-sustaining commercial space ecosystem, supporting PM Modi's vision of India capturing 10% of global space market by 2040. The mission validates HAL and L&T's capabilities and sets a precedent for future industry-built launch vehicles under IN-SPACe (Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre).