On December 15, 2025, Union Commerce and Industry Minister Piyush Goyal stated that India is 'very close' to finalising an initial trade framework deal with the United States aimed at reducing reciprocal tariffs. The announcement came after six rounds of negotiations covering both a Bilateral Trade Agreement (BTA) and an interim arrangement to lower tariffs. The proposed framework is being negotiated against the backdrop of the Trump administration's re-imposition of high reciprocal tariffs — announced in April 2025 — on Indian goods, which significantly impacted sectors such as gems and jewellery, textiles, pharmaceuticals, and engineering goods. India is the United States' 9th largest trading partner, with bilateral goods trade exceeding $130 billion annually. Key areas of discussion include India's willingness to reduce tariffs on select American agricultural and industrial goods in exchange for US concessions on tariffs affecting Indian exports. The deal, once finalised, would be an interim measure ahead of a comprehensive FTA. Commerce Secretary Rajesh Agrawal also confirmed that discussions were at an advanced stage. The development holds major significance for India's export-oriented economy and its ability to remain competitive in global supply chains amid rising trade protectionism.