Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva arrived in New Delhi on February 18, 2026, for a landmark five-day state visit lasting until February 22. This is one of the most significant bilateral engagements between India and Brazil in recent years, reflecting the growing strategic convergence between the world's two largest democracies in the Global South.
The summit agenda centers on several key pillars. First, critical minerals cooperation: India and Brazil are exploring a framework MoU on rare earths and critical minerals, including lithium, niobium, and cobalt, which are essential for clean energy transition and defense manufacturing. Brazil holds the world's largest niobium reserves, making it a strategic partner for India's semiconductor and EV battery ambitions.
Second, artificial intelligence and digital economy: Both nations agreed to explore AI governance frameworks aligned with the New Delhi Declaration on AI adopted at India's AI Summit in February 2026. A joint digital partnership covering fintech, UPI-based payment integration, and open-source AI tools is under discussion.
Third, steel and industrial supply chains: Given Brazil's leading position in iron ore exports and India's status as the world's second-largest steel producer, both sides are negotiating preferential supply arrangements to reduce dependence on China-linked supply chains.
Fourth, climate and clean energy: The visit builds on both nations' commitments under the Paris Agreement and G20 frameworks. Brazil's Amazon stewardship and India's solar expansion are seen as complementary strengths.
Bilateral trade currently stands at approximately $12–14 billion annually. The shared target of $20–30 billion by 2030 represents a near-doubling of economic engagement. India's exports to Brazil include pharmaceuticals, machinery, and chemicals, while Brazil exports crude oil, soybean, and minerals to India.
The visit also has significance for multilateral forums: both India and Brazil are BRICS members, G20 leaders, and advocates for reformed global governance institutions including the UN Security Council.