Prime Minister Narendra Modi attended the 20th G20 Leaders' Summit in Johannesburg, South Africa on November 21-23, 2025 — the first G20 summit held on the African continent. South Africa held the presidency under the theme 'Solidarity, Equality, Sustainability'.

PM Modi addressed the opening session 'Inclusive and Sustainable Economic Growth — Leaving No One Behind' and proposed six initiatives: a G20 Global Traditional Knowledge Repository, a G20 Africa Skills Multiplier programme to train one million certified trainers, a G20 Global Health Response Team, a G20 Open Satellite Data Partnership for agriculture and disaster management, a G20 Critical Minerals Circularity Initiative, and a G20 Initiative on Countering the Drug Terror Nexus. The US did not participate in this summit.