On 5 June 2026 India and the United Kingdom jointly launched the Critical Minerals Global Supply Chain Observatory abbreviated as GSCO in New Delhi. The observatory was unveiled by Union Coal and Mines Minister G Kishan Reddy and UK Foreign Secretary Yvette Cooper marking a major milestone in India UK strategic cooperation under the Comprehensive Strategic Partnership. The GSCO is a joint initiative of TEXMiN the technology innovation hub at the Indian Institute of Technology Indian School of Mines Dhanbad and the University of Cambridge. The platform aims to monitor global critical mineral supply chains identify supply risks and disruptions generate market intelligence and support informed decision making for policymakers industry and researchers. Critical minerals such as lithium cobalt nickel graphite copper rare earth elements gallium and germanium are essential inputs for clean energy technologies including electric vehicle batteries solar panels wind turbines and semiconductors and for advanced manufacturing in defence aerospace and electronics. The initiative was first announced during a bilateral engagement between Prime Minister Narendra Modi and his UK counterpart in October 2025 and was subsequently formalised through a research collaboration agreement signed in March 2026. The launch reinforces India strategic objectives of reducing dependence on concentrated supply chains particularly Chinese dominance of rare earth processing diversifying mineral sourcing scaling domestic exploration through the National Critical Minerals Mission and aligning with the Quad Mineral Investment Network as well as the Minerals Security Partnership for resilient global supply chains.