The Union Cabinet on December 12, 2025, approved ₹11,718.24 crore for conducting the Census of India 2027, announced by Union Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw. This will be India's first fully digital census featuring self-enumeration, mobile apps, geospatial mapping, and real-time monitoring. Significantly, the 2027 Census will include the first nationwide caste enumeration in independent India — a long-standing demand of several political parties. The last caste census was conducted by the British in 1931. The census has been delayed since 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. India's population, as per the 2011 census, was 121.1 crore. The digital census aims to eliminate manual errors and provide more granular socio-economic data for policy planning.