Bhakti & Sufi Movements MCQ — 119 Practice Questions with Answers

Explanation

Guru Gobind Singh (10th and last human Guru, 1666-1708) created the Khalsa (the pure/sovereign) on Baisakhi day 1699 at Anandpur Sahib. The Panj Pyare (Five Beloved) were the first initiated. The 5 K's were established: Kesh (uncut hair), Kangha (comb), Kara (steel bracelet), Kachera (underwear), Kirpan (sword). The Khalsa was a response to Mughal persecution. Before his death, Guru Gobind Singh declared the Guru Granth Sahib as the eternal Guru.

Explanation

Sursagar by Surdas (c. 1478–1583) contains about 5,000 poems primarily describing the childhood and youthful pranks (bal leela) of Lord Krishna. Written in Braj Bhasha. Surdas was blind and a disciple of Vallabhacharya.

Explanation

Akbar's Sulh-i-Kul was influenced by Wahdat-ul-Wujud (Unity of Existence), propounded by Ibn Arabi and promoted in India by Chishti saints. It holds that all existence is one with God, supporting religious universalism.

Explanation

Tulsidas (1532–1623) wrote the Ramcharitmanas in Awadhi language. It is a retelling of the Ramayana in the vernacular, making the epic accessible to common people. He composed it at Varanasi (begun in 1574 CE at Ayodhya).

Explanation

Guru Har Krishan (8th Sikh Guru, 1656-1664) became Guru at the age of 5 and is known as the 'Bal Guru' (Child Guru). He died of smallpox in Delhi at the age of 8 while serving people during a plague. Gurdwara Bangla Sahib in Delhi marks the site associated with him. Before dying, he uttered 'Baba Bakale', indicating the next Guru was in Bakala village.