Key facts

  • Mental ability questions reward a fixed method: identify the operation, choose the right diagram or table, and check every clue before marking the opt...
  • Coding-decoding depends on one consistent rule, such as a direct shift, reversal, sorting, vowel-consonant split, position swap or mixed letter operat...
  • Blood-relation questions become reliable when each person is placed once in a family tree with gender, generation, marriage and parent-child links mar...
  • Direction and distance questions should be converted into north-south and east-west components before finding the final direction or shortest distance...
  • Seating arrangements use fixed slots; left and right change when persons face south or outside a circular table.

Key Points at a Glance

  1. 1

    Mental ability questions reward a fixed method: identify the operation, choose the right diagram or table, and check every clue before marking the option.

  2. 2

    Coding-decoding depends on one consistent rule, such as a direct shift, reversal, sorting, vowel-consonant split, position swap or mixed letter operation.

  3. 3

    Blood-relation questions become reliable when each person is placed once in a family tree with gender, generation, marriage and parent-child links marked.

  4. 4

    Direction and distance questions should be converted into north-south and east-west components before finding the final direction or shortest distance.

  5. 5

    Seating arrangements use fixed slots; left and right change when persons face south or outside a circular table.

  6. 6

    Ranking, calendar and clock questions are arithmetic patterns based on position, remainders and angular movement.

  7. 7

    Cube, dice, mirror, water-image, paper-folding, matrix and embedded-figure questions test orientation, symmetry and systematic counting.

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Coding-Decoding And Alphabet Movement

Coding-decoding questions ask for the operation hidden between the given word, number or symbol and its coded form. The first step is to decide the code family. A direct shift moves every letter by the same number of places, such as C to F in a +3 pattern. A rearrangement code may reverse letters, sort them, alternate them, or remove vowels before ordering. A position-based code may move the first letter by +1, the second by +2 and so on. Number coding may use alphabet positions, sums, products, differences or paired values such as first plus last.

The safest approach is to write a small table with the original item, coded item and movement count. If the movement is not consistent, test arrangement before forcing a familiar +1 or +2 answer. In a Rajasthan-style example, place names such as Jaipur, Kota or Barmer are only labels; the same rule must explain every letter. Symbol coding works the same way: shapes replace letters, but the answer still depends on a repeated operation.

Remember: coding-decoding is not vocabulary; it is rule consistency under time pressure.

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